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What happened in history on this day: October 14?
On October 14 in ...
- 530 - Death of Catholic Pope Discorus.
- 1027 - Birth of William (the Conqueror) at Falise, son of Duke Robert "the Devil" of Normancy and Herleve (or Arlette).
- 1066 - Battle of Hastings, in which William (the Conqueror) of Normandy wins England. King Harold Godwinson of England is killed in battle by an arrow.
- 1549 - Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of England, is imprisoned in the Tower of London.
- 1586 - Mary Queen of Scots goes on trial for conspiracy against Elizabeth.
- 1633 - Birth of James II king of England (1685-88).
- 1644 - Birth of William Penn English Quaker and founder of Pennsylvania.
- 1712 - Birth of George Grenville British Prime Minister (1763-65).
- 1758 - Battle of Hochkirch. Austrian Leopold Joseph von Daun with 90,000 men, King Friedrich with 40,000. Daun surprised Friedrich, who retreats, loses 101 cannon, 5500 dead or captured. Austrians lose 5939 killed or wounded, plus 1000 taken prisoner, and 2000 deserters.
- 1774 - First Continental Congress is first to declare colonial rights (Philadelphia).
- 1806 - Battle of Auerstadt: French beat Prussians.
- 1857 - Birth of Elwood Haynes; auto pioneer, built one of first US autos.
- 1862 - Baseballer James Creighton ruptures bladder hitting home run.
- 1864 - The New York Gold Exchange is organized.
- 1867 - 15th and last Tokugawa Shogun resigns in Japan.
- 1867 - Birth of Masaoka Shiki in Japan; haiku and tanka poet/diarist (Salt Water Ballads).
- 1869 - Birth of Joseph Duveen in England; art connoisseur (Elgin marbles).
- 1871 - Birth of Alexander von Zemlinsky in Vienna, Austria; composer (Der Schneeman).
- 1873 - Birth of Raymond C Ewry in Indiana, USA; won ten Olympic golds.
- 1882 - Birth of Eamon DeValera in New York, USA; President of Ireland (1937-48, 1951-54, 1957-59).
- 1884 - George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film.
- 1888 - Birth of Katherine Mansfield; New Zealand writer (Aloe, Garden Party).
- 1890 - Birth of Dwight David Eisenhower in Denison, Texas, USA; Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, general of the Army, chief of staff of Army, commander of NATO, 34th US President (Republican, 1957-61).
- 1894 - Birth of Heinrich Lübke in Enkhausen, Germany; President of the Federal Republic of Germany (1959-1969).
- 1894 - Birth of E.E. Cummings in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; poet (Tulips and Chimneys).
- 1896 - Birth of Lillian Gish; silent film/stage actress (Birth of a Nation).
- 1899 - Birth of Alan Washbond; US two-man bobsled (Olympic-gold-1932).
- 1905 - New York Giants beats Philadelphia Athletics, four games to one in second World Series; this is Giants' pitcher Christy Mathewson's third straight World Series shutout.
- 1906 - All Chicago World Series, first American League victory, Chicago White Sox win four games to two (World Series #3).
- 1906 - Birth of Benita Hume in London, England; actress (The Halls of Ivy radio and TV show (1955)).
- 1906 - Birth of Hannah Arendt in Germany; historian (Origins of Totalitarianism).
- 1906 - Birth of Russell Thorson in Wisconsin, USA; actor (One Man's Family radio show, I Love A Mystery radio show, guest spots in series TV from 1949-78).
- 1907 - Birth of Pert Kelton in Great Falls, Montana, USA; actress (vaudeville, Broadway, movies, Cavalcade of Stars TV show, Alice Kramden - The Honeymooners).
- 1910 - Birth of John Wooden; basketball coach (UCLA-10 national championships).
- 1912 - Saloon keeper John N. Schrank shoots US President Theodore Roosevelt in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The bullet is deflected by a glasses case and breaks a rib.
- 1916 - Birth of C Everett Koop; US surgeon general (1981-89).
- 1920 - Part of Petsamo province ceded by Soviet Union to Finland.
- 1922 - First automated telephones - Pennsylvania exchange in New York City.
- 1924 - Birth of Robert Webber in Santa Ana, California, USA; TV actor (40-year career, over 500 appearances, 79 Park Avenue, Moonlighting).
- 1927 - Birth of Roger Moore in London, England; actor (The Persuaders, Alaskans, Maverick, The Saint, James Bond films).
- 1928 - Birth of Harvey Kirck in New Liskeard, Ontario, Canada; news anchor (CTV National News 1966-1984, Canadian Broadcasting Hall of Fame 2000).
- 1928 - Birth of Gary Graffman in New York City, New York, USA; pianist (Leventritt Award).
- 1929 - Philadelphia Athletics beat Chicago Cubs, four games to one in 26th World Series. Philadelphia Athletics set World Series record of ten runs in an inning.
- 1931 - Birth of Rafael Puyana in Bogotaá, Colombia; baroque harpsichordist (New York debut 1957).
- 1933 - Germany withdraws from the Disarmament Conference at Geneva, Switzerland.
- 1935 - Birth of La Monte Young in Bern, Idaho, USA; composer (Compostion in 1990).
- 1938 - Birth of John Dean III; White House counsel, Watergate figure.
- 1939 - Birth of Ralph Lauren; fashion designer (Chaps).
- 1939 - (0130 hours) In Scapa Flow, off the northern coast of Scotland, German submarine U-47 torpedoes British battleship HMS Royal Oak. The ship sinks in about 20 minutes. About 800 men are killed.
- 1940 - Birth of Cliff Richards AKA Harry Webb in England; rocker ("Suddenly").
- 1940 - Birth of Christopher Timothy; English actor (All Creatures Great and Small).
- 1940 - Birth of Pat Finley in Asheville, North Carolina, USA; actress (Ellen Hartley - Bob Newhart Show, The Rockford Files).
- 1943 - RCA sells the NBC Blue Radio Network to Edward Noble for US$8 million dollars.
- 1943 - Birth of Lance Rentzel; NFL receiver (Minnesota, Los Angeles)/ex-husband of Joey Heatherton.
- 1943 - Birth of Noreen Corcoran in Quincy, Massachusetts, USA; actress (Kelly - Bachelor Father).
- 1943 - 60 B-24 Liberator bombers and 291 B-17 Flying Fortress bombers of the US 8th Air Force in England begin Mission 115, an attack on ball-bearing plants at Schweinfurt, Germany. Due to bad weather, none of the Liberators is able to participate. 26 B-17s turn back due to mechanical difficulties. American P-47 Thunderbolt fighter planes provide escort protection up to Aachen, Germany. Beyond that, German planes knock out 37 bombers before they reach their target. The remaining planes complete their bombing successfully. The factories are hit hard, resulting in a loss of 67% of ball-bearing production. Another 23 bombers are downed on the return trip. 200 bombers return, but only 60 survive with little damage. Due to the high losses, the day becomes known to the 8th Air Force as Black Thursday.
- 1944 - Birth of Udo Kier in Germany; actor (Warhol Dracula, Warhol Frankenstein).
- 1944 - German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel commits suicide at age 52 rather than face trial for his part in an attempt to overthrow Adolf Hitler.
- 1944 - British forces liberate Athens, Greece.
- 1944 - England's Daily Mail newspaper reports interruption of all telephone service in Berlin for three days without explanation.
- 1945 - Chicago Cardinals end a record 29-game losing streak, beat Chicago Bears.
- 1946 - Birth of Justin Hayward; singer (Moody Blues - "Nights in White Satin").
- 1947 - Birth of Charlie Joiner in Many, Louisiana, USA; NFL receiver (Houston Texans, Cincinnati Bengals, San Diego Chargers).
- 1947 - US Captain Charles Yeager breaks the sound barrier, piloting a Bell X-1 rocket plane to a speed of Mach 106.
- 1949 - Fourteen US Communist Party leaders convicted of sedition.
- 1950 - Birth of Sheila Young Ockerwitz; American 500m speed skater (Olympic-gold-1976).
- 1950 - Reverend Sun Young Moon liberated from Hung Nam prison.
- 1951 - Detroit Lions' Jack Christiansen returns two punts for touchdowns versus Los Angeles Rams.
- 1952 - Birth of Harry Anderson in Newport, Rhode Island, USA; actor (Judge Harry Stone - Night Court, Cheers).
- 1952 - Birth of Nikolai Adrianov in the USSR; gymnast (Olympic-4 gold/2 silver/bronze-1976).
- 1953 - Birth of Greg Evigan in South Amboy, New Jersey; actor (BJ - BJ and the Bear, Melrose Place, My Two Dads).
- 1953 - US President Dwight Eisenhower promises to fire as Red (Communist) any federal worker taking 5th amendment.
- 1955 - Bahawalpur becomes a province of Pakistan.
- 1955 - NBC premieres the Alcoa Theatre 60-minute dramatic variety TV show.
- 1955 - ABC-TV begins airing the Ethel and Albert TV show, starring Alan Bunce and Peg Lynch.
- 1956 - Birth of Beth Daniel in Charleston, South Carolina, USA; LPGA golfer (1980 player of the year).
- 1956 - Birth of Arleen Sorkin; TV personality (Days of Our Lives, Batman).
- 1957 - The 1958 model Corvette is introduced in the USA, featuring a complete redesign of the interior and exterior. Most notable exterior change is the dual headlights.
- 1958 - Birth of Thomas Dolby; rocker ("She Blinded Me With Science").
- 1958 - Malagasy Republic becomes autonomous republic in French Community.
- 1959 - Birth of A.J. Pero in Staten Island, New York, USA; drummer (Twisted Sister - "We're Not Gonna Take It").
- 1960 - US Peace Corps first suggested by John Kennedy.
- 1961 - Birth of Melanie Wilson; actress (Jennifer - Perfect Strangers).
- 1961 - Birth of Mike Tramp in Denmark; heavy metal rocker (White Lion - "Mane Attraction").
- 1962 - Houston Oilers' George Blanda throws for six touchdown passes versus New York Titans 56-17.
- 1963 - Birth of Lori Petty; actress (Booker, Lush Life).
- 1964 - Martin Luther King Junior wins Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1965 - Sandy Koufax hurls his second shutout of World Series beating Minnesota Twins 2-0 (World Series #62).
- 1965 - Birth of Steve Coogan; actor (I'm Alan Partridge, Spitting Image).
- 1967 - Birth of Arleen Sorkin; actress (Days of Our Lives, America's Funniest Videos).
- 1968 - First live telecast from a manned US spacecraft (Apollo 7).
- 1968 - Gruener and Watson (USA) set scuba depth record (133m) in Bahamas.
- 1968 - In Western Australia, a magnitude 6.9 earthquake occurs, wrecking the town of Meckering, causing major damage in Perth, causing a fracture of the earth's crust along an arc 29 kilometres in length.
- 1968 - J.R. Hines of US runs 100m in world record 9.95 seconds.
- 1969 - Race riots in Springfield, Massachusetts.
- 1970 - Birth of Doug Virden; country musician (Sons of the Desert).
- 1970 - Birth of Jon Seda; actor (Close to Home, Homicide, Third Watch).
- 1970 - Cleveland Cavaliers lose to Buffalo Braves in their first game 107-92.
- 1971 - Two killed in Memphis, Tennessee racial disturbances.
- 1974 - Birth of Natalie Maines; country singer (The Dixie Chicks).
- 1975 - Birth of Shaznay Lewis; actress-singer (All Saints).
- 1975 - The US Mint releases 1976 Bicentennial dollars to circulation.
- 1975 - President Gerald Ford escapes injury when his limousine is struck broadside.
- 1976 - Chris Chambliss' 9th inning lead-off homer gives New York Yankees pennant #30.
- 1976 - Soyuz 23 carries two to Salyut 6, but returns without docking.
- 1977 - Death of Bing Crosby AKA Harry Lillis Crosby, of a heart attack while playing golf at a course near Madrid, Spain, at age 73; singer (The Bing Crosby Show, Hollywood Palace).
- 1977 - Linda Ronstadt sings the national anthem at the 74th World Series.
- 1978 - Daniel arap Moi becomes president of Kenya.
- 1978 - The first-ever TV movie originating from a series airs, Rescue from Gilligan's Island.
- 1978 - Despite Denis Potvin's hat trick in 3:21, New York Islanders lose 7-10, making Islanders' record when scoring a hat trick 22-2-1.
- 1978 - United States President Jimmy Carter signs a bill into law which allows homebrewing of beer in the United States.
- 1979 - NHL's Wayne Gretsky scores his first NHL goal.
- 1979 - A major gay rights march in the United States takes place in Washington, D.C., involving tens of thousands of people.
- 1980 - The Staggers Rail Act is enacted, deregulating American railroads.
- 1980 - US President nominee Ronald Reagan promises to name a woman to Supreme Court.
- 1981 - Vice President Hosni Mubarak elected president of Egypt.
- 1981 - Birth of Jordan Brower; actor (Social Studies).
- 1982 - 6,000 Unification church couples wed in Korea.
- 1982 - New York Islanders assessed 108 penalty minutes Pittsburgh Penguins 125 (233 total).
- 1982 - New York Islanders greatest shutout margin (9-0) versus Pittsburgh Penguins.
- 1983 - Death of Paul Fix at age 82 of kidney failure; character actor (300 motion pictures, Sheriff - The Rifleman).
- 1983 - US Marine peacekeeper Sargeant Allen Soifert killed by sniper in Beirut, Lebanon.
- 1984 - Death of Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (born 1918).
- 1984 - Detroit Tigers beat San Diego Padres, four games to one in 81st World Series.
- 1985 - On Monday Night football, New York Jets retire Joe Namath's number 12, beat Miami Dolphins 23-7.
- 1986 - Concentration camp survivor Elie Wiesel wins Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1986 - Death of Keenan Wynn at age 70 of cancer; actor (Dallas, Call to Glory, Last Precinct).
- 1986 - The International Olympic Committee decides to stagger the Winter and Summer Olympic schedule.
- 1986 - Tim Kides of West New York, New Jersey performs 25,000 leg raises in 11:57:15.
- 1987 - In Midland, Texas, 1.5-year-old Jessica McClure falls 22 feet (7m) down a well.
- 1988 - New Jersey Devils raise their first pennant (Patrick Division Playoff Champions).
- 1989 - Texas A&I, Johnny Bailey sets NCAA season rush record at 6,085 yards.
- 1990 - Death of Leonard Bernstein at age 72 of a heart attack at his home in New York City; composer/conductor (West Side Story, Omnibus, Young People's Concerts).
- 1990 - Death of Elwood Glover at age 75; commercial radio announcer, host CBC TV's Luncheon Date from 1963-75).
- 1990 - San Francisco 49ers' Joe Montana passes for six touchdowns versus Atlanta Falcons (45-35).
- 1991 - Bulgarian right wing opposition celebrates the end of the rule of the Bulgarian Communist Party.
- 1991 - Death of Walther M. Elsasser in Baltimore, Maryland (born in Mannheim, Germany); physicist, professor, author.
- 1992 - The Toronto Blue Jays win a 9-2 victory over the Oakland Athletics in Game six of the American League Championship Series.
- 1992 - In Game 7 of the National League Championship Series the Atlanta Braves win 3-2 over the Pittsburgh Pirates, winning the series.
- 1992 - IBM and Motorola announce the production of PowerPC 601 microprocessors, in 50 MHz and 66 MHz versions. PowerPC stands for "Power Performance Chip", and incorporates an integer unit, a floating-point unit, and 32 MB cache.
- 1993 - Stack's auctions the Reed Hawn Collection; the Mickley specimen of the Class I US 1804 Draped Bust dollar sells for $475,000. The Reed Hawn US 1913 Liberty Head 5-cent coin sells for $875,000.
- 1994 - Mosaic Communications makes available the first 0.9 beta test version of the Mosaic Navigator Web browser software as a file download on the Internet. Versions are available for Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh, and X Window environments. The software is free for personal use, or US$99 for commercial use.
- 1996 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 40.62 to close at 6,010.00, the Dow's first close above 6,000.
- 1997 - Death of Hy Averbach at age 76 following open heart surgery; actor, radio announcer (Bob Hope Show), TV director (MASH, Real McCoys, Dick Powell Show, The Rogues, The Don Rickles Show, The Rockford Files, Dukes of Hazzard, House Calls, Four Seasons, Matt Houston).
- 1998 - Death of Frankie Yankovic at his home in New Port Richey, Florida, a week after suffering a fall, at age 83; polka player ("Just Because", "Blue Skirt Waltz").
- 1998 - Eric Robert Rudolph is charged with six bombings (including the 1996 Olympic bombing) in Atlanta, Georgia.
- 1999 - Death of Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (born 1922).
- 2000 - Death of Zeke Manners at age 89; composer/broadcaster ("The Pennsylvania Polka", The Beverly Hillbillies band).
- 2001 - Michael Schumacher wins the 52nd FIA Formula One World Championship, with a record margin of 58 points.
- 2002 - The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim beat the Minnesota Twins to win the American League Championship in five games.
- 2004 - Prince Norodom Sihamoni is chosen as the new king of Cambodia.
- 2004 - Intel announces it has scrapped plans to develop and release a 4 GHz Pentium 4 processor. Instead, it will focus on other ways to boost performance.
- 2006 - With a 6-3 victory in Game 4 of the ALCS, the Detroit Tigers sweep the Athletics to win the American pennant for the first time since 1984.
- 2006 - Death of Freddy Fender of complications from lung cancer at age 69; American singer ("Before the Next Teardrop Falls", "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights").
- 2008 - U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson announces plans to take equity stakes totaling up to $250 billion in financial institutions.
- 2008 - Canada's TSX stock market index closes up 890.50 points, or 9.82 percent, ending the day at 9955.66, a record one-day gain. At one point during the day, the TSX was up 1600 points.
- 2008 - Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd announces the government would guarantee all deposits in Australian banks and other savings institutions for three years. Rudd also announces a spending plan of A$10.4 billion (US$7 billion).
- 2008 - Federal elections in Canada: Prime Minister Stephen Harper's Conservatives secure a stronger minority government, with 143 seats, up from 127. The Liberal party takes 76 seats, down from 95. Bloc Québécois wins 50 seats, the NDP wins 37 seats, and two independents hold on to their seats.
- 2009 - The Iraqi government reports that over 85,000 Iraqis were killed violently in Iraq between 2004 and 2008. The number does not include deaths in the first months of war in 2003, nor deaths due to causes other than war.
- 2009 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average breaks through the 10,000 level for the first time in a year. The index has risen 52.9 percent since a 12-year low in March.
- 2012 - Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner becomes the first person to break the sound barrier without any machine assistance during a record space dive out of the Red Bull Stratos helium-filled balloon from 24 miles (39 kilometers) over Roswell, New Mexico in the United States.
- 2017 - A massive blast caused by a truck bombing in Mogadishu, Somalia kills at least 512 people and injures 316 others.
- 2019 - The Supreme Court of Spain sentences nine Catalan independence movement leaders to 9 to 13 years of prison for sedition and misuse of public funds.
- 2020 - Death of Kuniwo Nakamura, 6th President of Palau (born 1943).
- 2021 - Death of Lee Wan-koo, 39th Prime Minister of South Korea (born 1950).
- 2022 - Death of Robbie Coltrane AKA Anthony Robert McMillan at age 72 in Scotland; actor (Nuns on the Run film, The Pope Must Diet film, Alfresco TV show, Cracker TV show (1993-1996), GoldenEye film (1995), The World Is Not Enough film (1999), Rubeus Hagrid - Harry Potter films).
- 2023 - Death of Piper Laurie at age 91 in Los Angeles, California; actor (The Hustler movie, Carrie movie).
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