Chronology of
Extreme Weather

Copyright © 2007-2024 Ken Polsson
internet e-mail: ken@kpolsson.com
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URL: http://kpolsson.com/weather/

This document is an attempt to bring various published sources together to present a timeline about Extreme Weather. This is a timeline of the events of extreme weather events, including: tsunamis, tornados, floods, hurricanes, cyclones, landslides, typhoons, extreme temperature, etc.

References are numbered in [brackets], which are listed here. A number after the dot gives the page in the source.

Last updated: 2023 December 20.


580

  • In Louraine, a great light is seen crossing the sky, falling to Earth with a crash heard across the countryside. The city of Bordeaux is shaken by an earthquake, villages are burned down, the city of Orleans is burned in a great fire. [521]

1163

December 21
  • Hurricane hits villages in Holland/Friesland, causing floods. [1]

1196

December 6
  • Northern Dutch coast flooded, "Saint-Nicolaas Flood". [1]

1219

January 16
  • Floods in Northern Netherlands after storm, 1,000s killed. [1]

1262

January 28
  • Flemish/Dutch coast ravaged by north western storm. [1]

1421

November 18
  • Zuider Zee floods 72 villages, killing an estimated 10,000 in Netherlands. [1]

1526

February 8
  • Heavy storm strikes Dutch coast, many die. [1]

1539

December 29
  • Saint Jacobs Church burns after being hit by lightning. [1]

1541

April 25
  • Liege flooded after heavy down pour. [1]

1543

March 18
  • Hernan de Soto observes first recorded flood in America (Mississippi River). [1]

1551

December 19
  • Dutch west coast hit by hurricane. [1]

1552

January 12
  • Dutch west coast hit by heavy storm, 100s killed. [1]
February 15
  • Dutch coast hit by heavy storm. [1]

1558

January 11
  • Westmunster Church in Middelburg destroyed by heavy storm. [1]

1559

March 14
  • Storm floods ravage Gorinchem, Dordrecht and Woudrichem, Netherlands. [1]

1593

December 24
  • Storm hits Texel: 40 ships hit, 500 killed. [1]

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1643

July 5
  • First recorded tornado in US (Essex County, Massachusetts). [1]

1651

March 5
  • South Sea dike in Amsterdam breaks after storm. [1]

1654

January 7
  • Fire after heavy storm destroys 2/3 of De Rijp Netherlands, one dies. [1]

1667

August 27
  • Earliest recorded hurricane in USA (Jamestown, Virginia). [1]

1682

June 10
  • Tornado in Connecticut uproots a 3-foot diameter oak tree. [1]

1703

November 26
  • Bristol England damaged by hurricane, Royal Navy loses 15 warships. [1]
  • A severe storm destroys the Eddystone lighthouse off Plymouth, Devon, England, killing resident designer Mr. Winstanley. [272.623]

1709

January 5
  • Sudden extreme cold kills 1000s of Europeans. [1]

1715

July 30
  • 11 Spanish treasure galleons from Havana heading to Spain sink in 100mph hurricane winds off Saint Lucie, Florida, in Old Bahama Channel. Almost 1000 passengers and crew are killed. [421.68] [516.32] [1257.31] (July 31 [493.73])

1717

December 25
  • Floods ravage Dutch coast provinces, 1000s killed. [1]

1772

August 31
  • Hurricane destroy ships off Dominica. [1]

1780

August 11
  • Barbados hurricane begins. [1]
October 10
  • Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000 to 30,000 in Caribbean. [1]

1784

May 8
  • Only known deaths by hailstones in US (Winnsborough, South Carolina). [1]

1805

June 5
  • First recorded tornado in "Tornado Alley" (Southern Illinois). [1]

1812

August 1
  • A rare tornado hits Westchester County, New York. [1]

1816

June 6
  • 10 inches of snowfall in New England, USA; the "year without a summer" (due to volcano Krakatoa). [1]

1825

February 3
  • Dutch North Sea coast floods. [1]

1828

February 18
  • More than 100 vessels are destroyed in a storm, at Gibraltar. [1]

1831

December 1
  • Erie Canal closes for entire month due to cold weather. [1]

1839

January 6
  • Two-day storm off Irish and English coast immortalized as "The Big Wind". [1]

1840

May 7
  • Tornado strikes Natchez, Mississippi, USA, killing 317. [1]

1843

July 2
  • An alligator falls from the sky during a thunderstorm in Charleston, South Carolina, USA. [1]

1850

March 29
  • Ireland's SS Royal Adelaide sinks in storm; 200 die. [1]
May 27
  • Mormon Temple in Nauvoo, Illinois destroyed by tornado. [1]

1851

July 8
  • In Oregon City, USA, eight men playing cards are killed by lightning. [819.196]

1856

August 10
  • Hurricane washes away 200-300 revelers at Last Island, Louisiana, USA. [1]

1857

September 12
  • Sidewheel steamer SS Central America, en route from Havana, Cuba, to New York, sinks off Cape Romain, South Carolina, USA in a hurricane. 426 passengers and crew drown, with 153 rescued. 3 tons of US gold coins and ingots are taken to the bottom. [1] [546.36] [688.70] [1064.1391] [1159.14] (9 tons gold [1480.42])

1861

February 20
  • Steeple of Chichester Cathedral is blown down during a storm. [1]
Year
  • 22.99m of rain falls in Cherrapunji, Assam, during year, world record. [1]

1863

December 4
  • Storm flood ravages Nethe coastal provinces. [1]

1864

October 5
  • Most of Calcutta destroyed by cyclone (approx 60,000 die). [1]

1866

January 11
  • Steamship London sinks in storm off Land's End, England, kills 220. [1]

1867

October 29
  • A hurricane at the British Virgin Islands sinks Royal Mail Ship Rhone, destroys Derwent and Wye, and damages Conway, Solent, and Tyne, with loss of 166 from two of the ships. [1] [269.377]

1868

April 3
  • A Hawaiian surfs on highest wave ever, he rides a 50-foot tidal wave. [1]

1871

June 13
  • Hurricane kills 300 in Labrador. [1]

1873

April 1
  • British White Star passenger steamship Atlantic sinks in a storm off Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; 585 die. [1] [71.28]

1877

January 30
  • Storm flood ravages Dutch coastal provinces. [1]

1879

December 18
  • The Tay Bridge in Scotland blows over in a great storm, taking evening mail train to Dundee and 76 passengers and crew. [979.647]

1880

January 9
  • 6 feet (1.8 metres) of snow falls in Seattle, Washington in five days. [1]

1881

August 4
  • In Seville, Spain, a European record hot temperature of 122 degrees F (50 degrees C) is recorded. [1] [54]

1882

June 6
  • Cyclone in Arabian Sea (Bombay India) drowns 100,000. [1]
June 16
  • 17-inch diameter hailstones weighing 1.75 pounds fall in Dubuque, Iowa, USA. [1]
June 17
  • Tornado kills 130 in Iowa, USA. [1]

1884

February 19
  • Tornadoes in Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana kill 800 people. [1]
August 28
  • First known photograph of a tornado is made near Howard, South Dakota, USA. [1] [5]

1886

October 12
  • Hurricane and sea surge kill 250 at Indianola, Texas, USA. [1]

1888

March 11
  • Great Blizzard of 1888 strikes northeast US. [1]
March 12
  • Second day of the Great Blizzard of 1888 in northeast US (400 die). [1]
April 30
  • Hailstones kill about 250 in Moradabad district of Delhi, India. [1]
July 11
  • Pennsylvania's Monongehela River rises 32 feet after 24-hour rainfall. [1]

1889

January 16
  • In Cloncurry, Queensland, an Australian record hot temperature of 128 degrees F (53 degrees C) is recorded. [1] [54]
February 8
  • Flood ravages Dutch coast. [1]
May 31
  • Johnstown Flood; 2,209 die in Pennsylvania, USA. [1]
June 12
  • Single tornado kills 119, injures 146 (New Richmond, Wisconsin, USA). [1]

1891

July 5
  • Hail kills six horses in Rapid City, South Dakota. [1]

1892

February 7
  • In Verkhoyansk, Russia, an Asian record cold temperature of -90 degrees F is recorded. [54]

1893

October 1
  • Third worst hurricane in US history kills 1,800 (Mississippi). [1]

1894

December 22
  • Dutch coast hit by hurricane. [1]

1895

February 11
  • -17 degrees F (-27.2 degrees C) in Braemar, Grampian (United Kingdom record). [1]

1896

May 15
  • Tornado kills 78 in Texas. [1]
May 27
  • First major tornado to strike urban US (Saint Louis and East Saint Louis, Missouri); kills 255 and leaves thousands homeless. [1]
June 16
  • Temperature hits 127 degrees F at Fort Mojave, California. [1]

1897

June 24
  • Hail injures 26 in Topeka, Kansas, USA. [1]
July 27
  • 37.5 cm (14.75 inches) of rainfall in Jewell, Maryland, USA (state 24-hour record). [1]

1899

June 29
  • Brazo River in Texas, USA, floods 12 miles wide causing $10 million in damage. [1]

End of 580-1899. Next: 1900.

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580-1899 1900-1950 1951-1979 1980-1999 2000-end


A list of references to all source material is available.


Last updated: 2023 December 20.
Copyright © 2007-2024 Ken Polsson (email: ken@kpolsson.com).
URL: http://kpolsson.com/weather/
Link to Ken P's home page.

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