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What happened in history on this day: August 1?
On August 1 in ...
- 126 - Birth of Publius Helvius Pertinax, Roman emperor (193 AD).
- 1291 - Treaty of perpetual alliance signed by representatives of Schwyz, Uri, and Unterwalden cantons of Switzerland, on Rütli Meadow near Lake Lucerne.
- 1619 - First black Americans (20) land at Jamestown, Virginia.
- 1672 - King Charles II demonetizes copper tokens and announces copper farthings and halfpence will be minted.
- 1714 - Death of English Queen Anne.
- 1714 - George I, Elector of Brunswick Lunenburgh, proclaimed King of England.
- 1716 - First sculling race (London Bridge to Chelsea).
- 1744 - Birth of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck believed in inheritance of acquired traits.
- 1770 - Birth of William Clark Charlottsville Virginia, second lieutenant of Lewis and Clark Expedition.
- 1774 - The element oxygen is discovered for the third (and last) time.
- 1779 - Birth of Francis Scott Key; composer ("Star-Spangled Banner").
- 1789 - US Customs begins enforcing Tariff Act.
- 1790 - First US census (population of 3,939,214).
- 1794 - Whiskey Rebellion begins in the USA.
- 1798 - British under Admiral Horatio Nelson beat French fleet at Battle of Nile, Egypt.
- 1812 - A rare tornado hits Westchester County, New York.
- 1819 - Birth of Herman Melville; US author (Moby Dick, Billy Budd).
- 1820 - London's Regent's Canal opens.
- 1828 - The Bolton and Leigh Railway opens to freight traffic in Britain.
- 1831 - A new London Bridge opens in England.
- 1834 - Slavery abolished in British empire.
- 1838 - The branch mint in New Orleans closes during an outbreak of Yellow Fever.
- 1838 - Emancipation of British slaves on Bahamas.
- 1843 - The Empire of Brazil issues its first postage stamps in Rio de Janeiro: 30, 60, 90-reis.
- 1856 - Mexico issues its first postage stamps, depicting portrait of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.
- 1861 - Brazil recognizes the Confederate States of America.
- 1867 - Blacks vote for first time in a state election in South (Tennessee).
- 1869 - First voyage down Colorado River.
- 1870 - Paraguay issues its first postage stamps, depicting a lion holding a cap of liberty.
- 1873 - San Francisco's first cable car begins service.
- 1876 - Colorado becomes 38th US state.
- 1881 - US Quarantine Station authorized for Angel Island, San Francisco Bay.
- 1882 - Henry Kendall, Australian poet, dies of tuberculosis at age 43.
- 1889 - A decree of France creates Benin in Africa.
- 1889 - Birth of Dr John F Mahoney; developed pencillin treatment of syphillis.
- 1896 - George Samuelson completes rowing across the Atlantic Ocean (New York to England).
- 1898 - Birth of Morris Stoloff in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; violinist (Picnic, Pal Joey).
- 1899 - Birth of William Steinberg in Cologne, Germany; conductor (Boston Symphony - 1969-71).
- 1903 - First US coast-to-coast automobile trip (San Francisco to New York) completed.
- 1912 - Birth of Henry Jones in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; character actor (Phyllis, Falcon Crest, Kraft TV Theatre, Playhouse 90, Studio One, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Mrs. Columbo, Gun Shy).
- 1913 - Birth of Jerome Moross in Brooklyn, New York, USA; composer (Frankie and Johnny).
- 1914 - Germany declares war on Russia.
- 1914 - France, allied with Russia, begins to mobilize for war.
- 1914 - Winston Churchill mobilizes the British Royal Navy for war.
- 1916 - Hawaii National Park is established.
- 1917 - Frank Little, IWW organizer, is lynched in Butte, Montana, USA.
- 1918 - Pittsburgh Pirates beat Boston Braves, 2-0, in 21 innings.
- 1919 - The Hungarian Soviet Republic ends.
- 1920 - Birth of Sammy Lee; American platform diver (Olympic-gold-1948, 1952).
- 1921 - Birth of Jack Kramer in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA; tennis star (Wimbeldon 1947).
- 1922 - Birth of Arthur Hill in Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada; actor (Owen Marshall TV show, Counselor at Law (1971), Glitter (1984)).
- 1930 - Birth of Geoffrey Holder; dancer/actor/director (Annie, The Wiz, Tarzan, Cyberchase).
- 1933 - Birth of Dominick "Dom" DeLuise in Brooklyn, New York, USA; American comic actor (Blazing Saddles, Smokey and the Bandit II, The Cannonball Run).
- 1933 - NRA (National Recovery Administration) is established.
- 1936 - (to August 16) The Games of the XI Olympiad are held in Berlin, Germany.
- 1936 - Birth of Yves Saint-Laurent; fashion designer (Opium, Obsession).
- 1937 - Birth of Alfonse D'Amato in Brooklyn, New York, USA; American politician (Senator-Republican-New York 1980-).
- 1937 - The ship Normandie crosses the Atlantic westbound in record time, 3 days, 23 hours, 2 minutes.
- 1938 - The Japanese-Soviet incident at Broad Drum Peak is resolved, with a return to the border of July 29.
- 1940 - British Duke Edward and duchess Wallis set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, to assume the governorship of the Bahamas in the West Indies.
- 1941 - The first Jeep car is produced.
- 1941 - Birth of Ron Brown; actor (Charlie the Lonesome Cougar).
- 1942 - Birth of Giancarlo Giannini in Italy; actor (Seduction of Mimi).
- 1942 - Birth of Jerry Garcia in San Francisco, California, USA; musician/spngwriter (Grateful Dead - "Uncle Joe's Band", Mother McCree's Uptown Jug Champions, Warlocks).
- 1943 - Race riot in Harlem, New York City.
- 1943 - 164 American B-24 bombers attack Ploesti, Romania. Due to several factors, some planes take a wrong course, alerting defences. 41 planes are lost during the attack, two collide on the return trip, eight land in Turkey, 23 land at Allied bases in the Mediterranean, and 90 return to Benghazi, many too damaged to fly again. Three hundred American airmen are killed during the operation.
- 1944 - Birth of Yuri V Romanenko in the USSR; cosmonaut (Soyuz 26, Soyuz 38, Soyuz TM-2).
- 1946 - Birth of Richard O Covey in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA; US Air Force / astronaut (STS 51I, 26, 38).
- 1946 - US President Harry Truman establishes Atomic Energy Commission (AEC).
- 1946 - The forint is introduced in Hungary as new currency, at a rate of 4 x 10^29 pengö to 1 forint, and 4 forint to 1 gold franc.
- 1947 - Birth of Ronnie King; bass guitarist (The Stampeders).
- 1950 - First Major League baseball player to fight in Korea (Curt Simmons).
- 1950 - American Bowling Congress ends all-white-males rule.
- 1950 - King Leopold of Belgium abdicates, Baudouin becomes king.
- 1950 - US territory of Guam created.
- 1952 - Birth of Brian Patrick Clarke in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, USA; actor (Merle - Eight is Enough).
- 1953 - Birth of Robert Cray in Columbus, Georgia, USA; blues singer/songwriter (1987 Grammy).
- 1953 - California introduces sales tax (for education).
- 1953 - Northern Rhodesia becomes part of Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.
- 1955 - First microgravity research begins.
- 1957 - First commercial building heated by Sun (Albuquerque, New Mexico).
- 1957 - Glen Gorbous throws a baseball a record 136 metres (445 feet 10 inches).
- 1958 - US first class letter rate postage up to 4 cents per ounce (had been 3 cents for 26 years).
- 1958 - Birth of Taylor Negron in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor (Silvio - Detective School).
- 1959 - Birth of Joe Elliot; rocker (Def Leppard - "Hysteria", "Rock of Ages").
- 1959 - New Continental baseball league formed.
- 1960 - Birth of Chuck D; rapper (Public Enemy).
- 1960 - Benin (Dahomey) gains independence from France.
- 1961 - Birth of Bart Conner; American parallel bars gymnist (Olympic-gold-1984).
- 1961 - Whitney Young Junior named executive director of American National Urban League.
- 1961 - Birth of Suzi Gardner; guitarist (L7).
- 1962 - Boston Red Sox player Bill Monboquette no-hits Chicago White Sox, 1-0.
- 1962 - Birth of Jesse Borrego; actor (24).
- 1964 - The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night" single goes #1 and stays #1 for two weeks.
- 1964 - Birth of Nick Christian Sayer; rocker (Transvision Vamp - "Velveteen").
- 1964 - Death of Johnny Burnette at age 30 in a boating accident at Clear Lake, California, USA; singer ("You're 16", "Dreamin'").
- 1964 - Birth of Adam Duritz; singer (Counting Crows).
- 1966 - Charles Whitman climbs University of Texas tower and shoots 12 dead.
- 1968 - Birth of Charlie Kelley; country musician (Buffalo Club).
- 1968 - In Luzon, Philippine Islands, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs, killing an estimated 207 residents.
- 1969 - 110,000 attend Atlantic City Pop Festival in New Jersey.
- 1970 - Death of Otto Warburg in Berlin, Germany; biochemist, Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1931.
- 1970 - Willie Stargell (Pittsburgh Pirates) ties record of five extra base hits in a game.
- 1971 - The CBS TV network airs the first The Sonny and Cher Show 60-minute variety TV show in the USA.
- 1972 - First article appears exposing Watergate scandal (Bernstein-Woodward).
- 1972 - Nate Colbert of San Diego Padres hits record-tying five home runs in a double header.
- 1973 - Birth of Tempestt Bledsoe in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actress (Vanessa - The Cosby Show).
- 1973 - Thurman Munson and Carleton Fisk get into a brawl at Fenway Park.
- 1973 - Death of Walter Ulbricht in Berlin, Germany; chancellor (1960-1973).
- 1974 - Virginia Squires trade Julius "Dr J" Erving to the New York Nets.
- 1975 - Helsinki Pact guaranteeing boundaries, rights is signed by 35 nations.
- 1975 - In Oroville, California, a magnitude 5.8 earthquake occurs.
- 1975 - Billy Martin is named manager of New York Yankees, replacing Bill Virdon.
- 1976 - Trinidad and Tobago becomes an independent republic.
- 1976 - Seattle Seahawks play first (preseason) soccer game (San Francisco Gales 27, Seattle 20).
- 1978 - Pete Rose goes hitless, ends his 44-game hitting streak (ties National League record).
- 1979 - Birth of Jason Momoa; American actor (Stargate: Atlantis, North Shore, Baywatch).
- 1979 - CBS TV airs the last episode of Good Times.
- 1980 - Gerd Wessig of German Democratic Republic sets the high jump record.
- 1981 - MTV music video TV begins broadcasting in the United States and airs its first video, Video Killed The Radio Star by the Buggles.
- 1981 - Birth of Ashley Parker Angel; singer (O- Town).
- 1981 - Birth of Taylor Fry; actress (Kirk).
- 1982 - Hank Aaron, Frank Robinson, Travis Jackson, and Happy Chandler, are inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
- 1982 - American Greg Louganis becomes first diver to score 700 (752.67) in 11 dives.
- 1983 - America West Airlines begins operations out of Phoenix, Arizona and Las Vegas, Nevada.
- 1984 - Australian banks are deregulated.
- 1986 - Minnesota Twins' pitcher Bert Blyleven becomes the tenth major league pitcher to record 3,000 strikeouts.
- 1986 - US movie channel Cinemax debuts The Max Headroom TV Talk Show, starring Matt Frewer.
- 1987 - Crossbow flight record (2,005 yards 1 foot 9 inches) set by Harry Drake in Nevada.
- 1987 - Mike Tyson beats Tony Tucker to become undisputed boxing champ.
- 1988 - Deep Rover one-man research submarine unveiled at Crater Lake, Oregon.
- 1988 - Florence Eldridge, Broadway actress (The Swan), dies at age 86.
- 1989 - In Papua, Indonesia, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurs. About 120 people killed and 125 injured by landslides which buried two villages.
- 1990 - Iraq pulls out of talks with Kuwait.
- 1992 - NBC debuts the Saturday Today TV show.
- 1993 - Riverboat gambling is launched in Mississippi state.
- 1994 - Fire destroys Norwich Central Library in the United Kingdom, including most of its historical records.
- 1994 - The University of London founds the School of Advanced Study, a group of postgraduate research institutes.
- 1995 - Westinghouse Electric Corporation makes a deal to buy CBS for US$5.4 billion.
- 1996 - At the Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, Michael Johnson breaks the 200m world record by 0.30 seconds, with a time of 19.32 seconds.
- 1996 - Death of Tadeus Reichstein, Polish-born chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1897).
- 1997 - Boeing and McDonnell Douglas complete their merger.
- 2000 - An oil pipeline break in northern British Columbia, Canada spills about 1 million litres of crude oil into the Pine River near Chetwynd.
- 2001 - Alabama Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Moore has a 2.5-ton monument of the Ten Commandments (dubbed by both detractors and the media as 'Roy's Rock') surreptitiously installed in the Rotunda of the Judiciary Building.
- 2003 - A suicide bomber rams a truck filled with explosives into a military hospital near Chechnya, killing 50 people, including Russian troops wounded in Chechnya.
- 2004 - Death of Philip Abelson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1913).
- 2004 - A supermarket fire in Asunción, Paraguay, kills about 400 and leaves over 100 missing.
- 2004 - A bomb attack occurs in front of Prague's Casino Royal.
- 2004 - Death of Chuck Boyajian at age 86; Disneyland worker 1955-81 as Manager of Custodial Operations, named Disney Legend in 2005.
- 2005 - King Fahd of Saudi Arabia dies, succeeded by his half-brother Abdullah.
- 2005 - Rafael Palmeiro of the Baltimore Orioles becomes the highest profile player to be suspended for violating the Major League Baseball steroids policy.
- 2007 - The I-35W Mississippi River Bridge on I-35W over the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota between University Avenue and Washington Avenue collapses at 6:05 pm CST during the later part of rush hour, killing 13 people.
- 2007 - An 8-cm diameter meteorite falls in a field in Hotipur village, India.
- 2008 - General Motors of the USA announces second quarter loss of US$15.5 billion, worst in the company's history.
- 2008 - George Tupou V is crowned as the new King of Tonga, an event that had been delayed for over two years following the 2006 Nuku'alofa riots.
- 2014 - Buena Vista releases the film Guardians of the Galaxy to theaters.
- 2018 - The Kivu Ebola outbreak begins in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- 2019 - Danish polar research institution Polar Portal reports a large spike in Greenland ice loss, with 11 billion tons melted in one day and 197 gigatonnes during the month of July.
- 2020 - The Barakah nuclear power plant in the United Arab Emirates becomes operational. It is the first commercial nuclear power station in the Arab world.
- 2022 - A US drone strike in Kabul, Afghanistan kills al Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahiri.
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