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What happened in history on this day: August 22?
On August 22 in ...
- 565 - Saint Columba reports seeing monster in Loch Ness.
- 1454 - Jews are expelled from Brunn Moravia by order of King Ladislaus.
- 1485 - Henry Tudor victory over King Richard III of England, slain at Bosworth Field; last of Plantagenet line.
- 1513 - King James of Scotland and army cross river Tweed into England.
- 1642 - In Nottingham, England, King Charles declares war on Parliament, calling on his subjects for aid.
- 1762 - First female (Ann Franklin) US newspaper editor, Newport Rhode Island, Mercury.
- 1775 - King George III proclaims American colonies to be in open rebellion.
- 1791 - Haitian Revolution begins.
- 1818 - Warren Hastings, first governor-general of India (1773-84), dies at age 85.
- 1836 - Birth of Archibald M Willard; US artist (Spirit of '76).
- 1837 - Peninsular Steam Navigation Company wins contract with British government to deliver mail between Falmouth, England, and Gibraltar, for 29,600 pounds per year.
- 1846 - US annexes New Mexico.
- 1849 - Austria launches the first air raid in history: Pilotless balloons against the Italian city of Venice.
- 1851 - Gold fields discovered in Australia.
- 1851 - Yacht America wins first Royal Yacht Squadron Cup (America's Cup).
- 1862 - Birth of Claude Debussy in Saint Germain-en-Laye; composer (La Mer, Clair de lune).
- 1864 - Geneva Convention signed, by 12 nations.
- 1893 - Birth of Dorothy Parker; American short story writer (1958 Marjorie Peabody Award).
- 1895 - Birth of Paul White in Bangor, Maine, USA; composer (Adante and Rondo for Cello).
- 1900 - Birth of Elizabeth Bergner in Vienna, Austria; actress (Catherine the Great).
- 1903 - Birth of René Wellek in Vienna, Austria; writer (Concepts of Criticism).
- 1904 - Birth of Deng Xiaoping; Chinese leader (1976-1983).
- 1906 - First Victor Victrola record player is manufactured.
- 1909 - Birth of Mel Hein; NFL center (New York Giants).
- 1910 - Japan annexes Korea.
- 1911 - Birth of Edith Atwater in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actress (Phyllis - Love on a Rooftop).
- 1917 - Birth of John Lee Hooker in Mississippi, USA; blues musician (Canned Heat).
- 1917 - Pittsburgh Pirates play fourth straight extra inning game, Carson Bigbee sets record of 11 at-bats, they lose in 22 innings to Brooklyn Dodgers.
- 1920 - Birth of Dr Denton Cooley; heart surgeon (first artifical heart transplant).
- 1920 - Birth of Ray Bradbury in Illinois, USA; sci-fi author (Fahrenheit 451, Illustrated Man).
- 1922 - Birth of Micheline Presle in Paris, France; actress (Nea, Donkey Skin).
- 1922 - Michael Collins, Sinn Fein leader, is killed by rebels.
- 1926 - Birth of Honor Blackman in London, England; actress (Pussy Galore - Goldfinger).
- 1926 - Charles William Elliot, President of Harvard University (1869-1909), dies at age 92.
- 1928 - Birth of John Lupton in Highland Park, Illinois, USA; actor (Tom - Broken Arrow).
- 1928 - Birth of Karlheinz Stockhausen in Mödrath, Germany; composer (Kontrapunkte).
- 1932 - The British Broadcasting Corporation begins experimental regular TV broadcasts.
- 1932 - Birth of Gerald P Carr in Denver, Colorado, USA; Colonel US Marine Corp/astronaut (Skylab 4).
- 1933 - Birth of Sylvia Koscina; actress (Jessica, Hercules).
- 1934 - Birth of Diana Sands; actress (Raisin in the Sun, Doctor's Wife).
- 1934 - Birth of Norman Schwartzkopf in New Jersey, USA; US General (Liberated Kuwait from Iraq).
- 1934 - Boston Red Sox pitcher Wes Ferrell hits two home runs to beat Chicago White Sox 3-2 in 12.
- 1935 - Birth of Morton Dean in Fall River, Massachusetts, USA; TV newscaster (CBS, ABC).
- 1939 - Birth of Carl Yastrzemski in New York, USA; Boston Red Sox great (1967 American League Most Valuable Player, Hall of Fame).
- 1940 - Birth of George Reinholt in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; actor (Another World, One Life to Live).
- 1940 - Birth of Valerie Harper in Sufferin, New York, USA; actress (Mary Tyler Moore Show, Rhoda, Valerie).
- 1942 - Birth of Kathy Lennon in Santa Monica, California, USA; singer (Lennon Sisters).
- 1942 - Brazil declares war on Germany.
- 1944 - In Normandy, France, the Falaise Gap is declared officially closed.
- 1944 - Adolf Hitler issues a directive to the German commander of Paris, France, to destroy the city.
- 1945 - Birth of James G Richardson in Gainesville, Florida, USA; actor (Tim Cassidy - Sierra).
- 1945 - Birth of Ron Dante in Staten Island, New York, USA; rocker (Archies - "Sugar, Sugar").
- 1947 - First college team to beat an NFL team (All Stars-16, Chicago Bears-0).
- 1947 - Birth of Cindy Williams in Van Nuys, California, USA; actress (Shirley - Laverne and Shirley).
- 1949 - Birth of Diana Nyad; swimmer (first to swim Bahamas to Florida-1979).
- 1951 - Harlem Globetrotters play in Olympic Stadium, Berlin, Germany, before audience of 75,052.
- 1956 - US President Dwight Eisenhower and Vice President Richard Nixon are renominated by Republican convention in San Francisco, California.
- 1958 - Toronto Argonauts' Boyd Carter and Dave Mann combine for record 131-yard punt return.
- 1959 - Birth of Juan Croucier; heavy metal rocker (Ratt - "Round and Round").
- 1959 - Cincinnati Reds' Frank Robinson hits three consecutive home runs.
- 1960 - Gil Hodges sets National League righty home run record with number 352.
- 1961 - Birth of Roland Orzabal; singer (Tears for Fears - "Shout", "Head over Heels").
- 1963 - Birth of Terry Catledge; NBA star (Orlando Magic).
- 1963 - Launched from Edwards Air Force Base in California, American Joe Walker flies an X-15 rocket plane to a record height of 66 miles.
- 1964 - Birth of Mats Wilander in Sweden; tennis player (1988 US Open).
- 1965 - San Francisco Giants' pitcher Juan Marachal hits Los Angeles Dodgers' catcher John Roseboro on the head with his bat causing a 14-minute brawl.
- 1966 - Birth of Mark Michaels; heavy metal guitarist (Teach Yourself Rhythm Guitar).
- 1968 - First papal visit to Latin America (Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogota, Colombia).
- 1968 - Cynthia Lennon sues John Lennon for divorce on adultery.
- 1969 - Hurricane Camille strikes U.S. Gulf Coast; kills 255.
- 1977 - Death of Sebastian Cabot at age 59 in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; actor (Mr. French - Family Affair TV show, regular panelist on game show Stump the Stars, host of TV show Suspense).
- 1978 - Death of Jomo Kenyatta, President of Kenya, at age 83 (born 1894).
- 1982 - General Ariel Sharon urges Palestinians to discuss peaceful coexistence.
- 1984 - Evelyn Ashford of US ties world women's mark for 100m, 10.76 seconds.
- 1984 - In Tomiya, Japan, two buildings are hit by falling meteorites.
- 1984 - New York Mets' pitcher Dwight Gooden becomes the 11th rookie to strikeout 200.
- 1984 - Republican convention in Dallas, Texas, renominates President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George Bush.
- 1985 - Microsoft and IBM sign a joint-development agreement to work together on future operating systems and environments.
- 1985 - Death of Paul Peter Ewald, German/American physicist, in Ithaca, New York (born in Berlin, Germany).
- 1987 - Nintendo releases The Legend of Zelda for the NES in North America.
- 1988 - Australia unveils first platinum coin (Koala).
- 1988 - NBC premieres Later with Bob Costas (first guest Linda Ellerbee).
- 1989 - The first complete ring around Neptune is discovered.
- 1989 - A commission of the Lithuanian Parliament declares that Moscow's annexation of the country in 1940 was invalid, achieved by way of secret agreements between Stalin and Hitler.
- 1989 - Nolan Ryan strikes out his 5,000th batter.
- 1989 - Death of Diana Vreeland, American fashion editor (born 1929).
- 1989 - Death of Huey P. Newton, co-founder of the Black Panther Party (murdered) (born 1942).
- 1990 - US President George Bush calls up military reserves.
- 1991 - Iceland is the first country to recognize the independence of Estonia.
- 1991 - Death of Colleen Dewhurst of cervical cancer at age 67; actress (Between Two Women (Emmy Award 1986), Those She Left Behind (Emmy Award 1989), Murphy Brown (Emmy Award 1991), Maggie Geyser - The Blue and the Gray, Anne of Green Gables, Anne of Avonlea), president of Actor's Equity (1985-1991).
- 1999 - Mandarin Airlines Flight 642 crashes in Hong Kong.
- 2003 - A rocket explosion kills 21 at the Brazilian rocket complex in Alcântara, Brazil, due to the premature ignition of a solid rocket booster.
- 2004 - Armed robbers steal Edvard Munch's The Scream, Madonna, and other paintings from the Munch Museum in Oslo, Norway.
- 2004 - Death of Daniel Petrie at age 83 of cancer; TV and stage director/actor (50 years, won 8 Emmy awards, Joe and Mabel TV show, The Hidden Room TV show, Stud's Place TV show, Eleanor & Franklin TV show, The Dollmaker TV show, Studio 1 TV show).
- 2005 - A 4.1-kg (9-pound) meteorite crashes into the Dotito area of Zambezi Escarpment in Zimbabwe, leaving a 15-cm (6-inch) crater.
- 2006 - Pulkovo Airlines Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border in Ukraine, killing 171 people, including 45 children.
- 2006 - The ICM awards Grigori Perelman the Fields Medal for proving the Poincare conjecture, one of seven Millennium Prize Problems. Perelman refuses the medal.
- 2007 - The Texas Rangers score thirty runs in one game, setting the modern (post-1900) Major League Baseball record for most runs by one team in a single game, in a 30-3 victory over the Baltimore Orioles.
- 2007 - Myanmar government arrests thirteen dissidents who led protests against huge rises in fuel prices.
- 2008 - President of Argentina declares a state of emergency due to drought in five northern provinces.
- 2008 - Usain Bolt captures a third gold medal and a third world record at the Beijing Olympic Games, as Jamaica wins the men's 4x100m relay gold in world record of 37.10 seconds.
- 2008 - Pirates hijack German, Iranian, and Japanese cargo ships off the coast of Somalia, in seven such attacks since June 20.
- 2009 - The Italian state lottery draw, Superenalotto, is won on a single ticket worth 146.9 million euros (US$211.8 million). The draw of 10, 11, 27, 45, 79, 88 broke the losing streak of 87 consecutive draws.
- 2010 - At the Champion Hong Kong Auction sale in Hong Kong, a possibly unique Chinese 1910 Yunnan Spring dollar graded MS-65 by NGC sells for US$1,0350,000, making it the first Chinese coin to sell for more than US$1 million.
- 2011 - Death of Jack Layton, Canadian politician, leader of opposition NDP, of cancer at age 61 (born 1950).
- 2014 - The Republic of Transnistria replaces its metal coinage with plastic coins, in denominations of 1, 3, 5, and 10 rubles.
- 2020 - The worldwide death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 800,000.
- 2022 - Death of Jerry Alison at age 82; drummer, song-writer (the Crickets).
- 2023 - In Thailand, the Pheu Thai political party, forms a coalition government, with Srettha Thavisin as prime minister.
- 2023 - Death of Le Van Thanh at age 60; deputy prime minister of Vietnam.
- 2023 - Death of Toto Cutugno at age 80; Italian singer ("L'Italiano" song).
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