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What happened in history on this day: October 14?
On October 14 in ...
- 1794 - The Philadelphia Mint begins production of silver dollars for circulation.
- 1864 - The New York Gold Exchange is organized.
- 1884 - George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film.
- 1912 - Saloon keeper John N. Schrank shoots US President Theodore Roosevelt in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The bullet is deflected by a glasses case and breaks a rib.
- 1922 - First automated telephones - Pennsylvania exchange in New York City.
- 1943 - RCA sells the NBC Blue Radio Network to Edward Noble for US$8 million dollars.
- 1943 - 60 B-24 Liberator bombers and 291 B-17 Flying Fortress bombers of the US 8th Air Force in England begin Mission 115, an attack on ball-bearing plants at Schweinfurt, Germany. Due to bad weather, none of the Liberators is able to participate. 26 B-17s turn back due to mechanical difficulties. American P-47 Thunderbolt fighter planes provide escort protection up to Aachen, Germany. Beyond that, German planes knock out 37 bombers before they reach their target. The remaining planes complete their bombing successfully. The factories are hit hard, resulting in a loss of 67% of ball-bearing production. Another 23 bombers are downed on the return trip. 200 bombers return, but only 60 survive with little damage. Due to the high losses, the day becomes known to the 8th Air Force as Black Thursday.
- 1947 - US Captain Charles Yeager breaks the sound barrier, piloting a Bell X-1 rocket plane to a speed of Mach 106.
- 1949 - Fourteen US Communist Party leaders convicted of sedition.
- 1953 - US President Dwight Eisenhower promises to fire as Red (Communist) any federal worker taking 5th amendment.
- 1960 - US Peace Corps first suggested by John Kennedy.
- 1964 - Martin Luther King Junior wins Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1968 - First live telecast from a manned US spacecraft (Apollo 7).
- 1969 - Race riots in Springfield, Massachusetts.
- 1971 - Two killed in Memphis, Tennessee racial disturbances.
- 1975 - The US Mint releases 1976 Bicentennial dollars to circulation.
- 1975 - President Gerald Ford escapes injury when his limousine is struck broadside.
- 1978 - United States President Jimmy Carter signs a bill into law which allows homebrewing of beer in the United States.
- 1979 - A major gay rights march in the United States takes place in Washington, D.C., involving tens of thousands of people.
- 1980 - The Staggers Rail Act is enacted, deregulating American railroads.
- 1980 - US President nominee Ronald Reagan promises to name a woman to Supreme Court.
- 1987 - In Midland, Texas, 1.5-year-old Jessica McClure falls 22 feet (7m) down a well.
- 1992 - IBM and Motorola announce the production of PowerPC 601 microprocessors, in 50 MHz and 66 MHz versions. PowerPC stands for "Power Performance Chip", and incorporates an integer unit, a floating-point unit, and 32 MB cache.
- 1993 - Stack's auctions the Reed Hawn Collection; the Mickley specimen of the Class I US 1804 Draped Bust dollar sells for $475,000. The Reed Hawn US 1913 Liberty Head 5-cent coin sells for $875,000.
- 1994 - Mosaic Communications makes available the first 0.9 beta test version of the Mosaic Navigator Web browser software as a file download on the Internet. Versions are available for Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh, and X Window environments. The software is free for personal use, or US$99 for commercial use.
- 1996 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 40.62 to close at 6,010.00, the Dow's first close above 6,000.
- 1998 - Eric Robert Rudolph is charged with six bombings (including the 1996 Olympic bombing) in Atlanta, Georgia.
- 2008 - U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson announces plans to take equity stakes totaling up to $250 billion in financial institutions.
Births on October 14
- 1873 - Birth of Raymond C Ewry in Indiana, USA; won ten Olympic golds.
- 1882 - Birth of Eamon DeValera in New York, USA; President of Ireland (1937-48, 1951-54, 1957-59).
- 1890 - Birth of Dwight David Eisenhower in Denison, Texas, USA; Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, general of the Army, chief of staff of Army, commander of NATO, 34th US President (Republican, 1957-61).
- 1894 - Birth of E.E. Cummings in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; poet (Tulips and Chimneys).
- 1906 - Birth of Russell Thorson in Wisconsin, USA; actor (One Man's Family radio show, I Love A Mystery radio show, guest spots in series TV from 1949-78).
- 1907 - Birth of Pert Kelton in Great Falls, Montana, USA; actress (vaudeville, Broadway, movies, Cavalcade of Stars TV show, Alice Kramden - The Honeymooners).
- 1924 - Birth of Robert Webber in Santa Ana, California, USA; TV actor (40-year career, over 500 appearances, 79 Park Avenue, Moonlighting).
- 1928 - Birth of Gary Graffman in New York City, New York, USA; pianist (Leventritt Award).
- 1935 - Birth of La Monte Young in Bern, Idaho, USA; composer (Compostion in 1990).
- 1940 - Birth of Pat Finley in Asheville, North Carolina, USA; actress (Ellen Hartley - Bob Newhart Show, The Rockford Files).
- 1943 - Birth of Noreen Corcoran in Quincy, Massachusetts, USA; actress (Kelly - Bachelor Father).
- 1947 - Birth of Charlie Joiner in Many, Louisiana, USA; NFL receiver (Houston Texans, Cincinnati Bengals, San Diego Chargers).
- 1952 - Birth of Harry Anderson in Newport, Rhode Island, USA; actor (Judge Harry Stone - Night Court, Cheers).
- 1953 - Birth of Greg Evigan in South Amboy, New Jersey; actor (BJ - BJ and the Bear, Melrose Place, My Two Dads).
- 1956 - Birth of Beth Daniel in Charleston, South Carolina, USA; LPGA golfer (1980 player of the year).
- 1959 - Birth of A.J. Pero in Staten Island, New York, USA; drummer (Twisted Sister - "We're Not Gonna Take It").
Deaths on October 14
- 1983 - US Marine peacekeeper Sargeant Allen Soifert killed by sniper in Beirut, Lebanon.
- 1990 - Death of Leonard Bernstein at age 72 of a heart attack at his home in New York City; composer/conductor (West Side Story, Omnibus, Young People's Concerts).
- 1991 - Death of Walther M. Elsasser in Baltimore, Maryland (born in Mannheim, Germany); physicist, professor, author.
- 1998 - Death of Frankie Yankovic at his home in New Port Richey, Florida, a week after suffering a fall, at age 83; polka player ("Just Because", "Blue Skirt Waltz").
- 2023 - Death of Piper Laurie at age 91 in Los Angeles, California; actor (The Hustler movie, Carrie movie).
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