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What happened in history on this day: March 3?
On March 3 in ...
- 1776 - The Continental Marines land at New Providence in the Bahamas.
- 1791 - First US Internal Revenue Act (taxing distilled spirits and carriages).
- 1791 - Congressional joint resolution authorizes a US mint.
- 1805 - Louisiana-Missouri Territory forms.
- 1811 - The Bank of the United States ceases operations.
- 1813 - Office of Surgeon General of the US army is established.
- 1815 - US declares war on Algiers for taking US prisoners and demanding tribute.
- 1817 - Mississippi Territory is divided into Alabama Territory and Mississippi.
- 1820 - Missouri Compromise passes, allowing slavery in Missouri.
- 1823 - An act of Congress fixes the dollar value of gold coins of Great Britain, Portugal, France, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, and Columbia.
- 1835 - US Congress establishes branch mints at Charlotte, North Carolina; Dahlonega, Georgia; and New Orleans, Louisiana, and establishes practice of using mint marks on US coinage.
- 1836 - Charter of the second Bank of the United States expires.
- 1837 - US Congress increases Supreme Court membership from 7 to 9.
- 1837 - US President Andrew Jackson and Congress recognize Republic of Texas.
- 1842 - First US child labor law regulating working hours passed (Massachusetts).
- 1843 - US Congress appropriates $30,000 "to test the practicability of establishing a system of electro-magnetic telegraphs" by the US.
- 1845 - First US law overriding a Presidential veto (John Tyler's).
- 1845 - An Act of Congress calls for uniform postal letter rates across the country, effective July 1: 5 cents for one half ounce under 300 miles, 10 cents for over 300 miles.
- 1845 - US Congress authorizes ocean mail contracts for foreign mail delivery.
- 1845 - Florida becomes 27th state of the USA.
- 1847 - An Act of US Congress authorizes US Post Office Department to issue adhesive postage stamps for use in prepayment of fees on mail matter.
- 1849 - US Gold Coinage Act authorizes $20 Double Eagle and $1 gold coins.
- 1849 - Territory of Minnesota is organized.
- 1849 - US Department of the Interior established by Congress.
- 1851 - US Congress authorizes smallest US silver coin (3-cent piece, 0.8 grams), and reduces postage letter rates to 3 cents for 3000 miles and under, and 6 cents for over.
- 1853 - Transcontinental railroad survey is authorized by US Congress.
- 1853 - US Assay Office in New York City, New York authorized.
- 1855 - US Congress approves $30,000 to test camels for military use.
- 1862 - US General John Pope lays siege in front of New Madrid, Missouri, CSA.
- 1863 - US President Abraham Lincoln approves charter for National Academy of Sciences.
- 1863 - Congress authorizes the establishment of a branch mint at Carson City in Nevada.
- 1863 - US Congress sets domestic letter rate at 3 cents per 1/2 ounce, to any distance, effective June 30.
- 1863 - In the US, free city mail delivery replaces zone postage; 449 letter carriers are hired.
- 1863 - US Congress authorizes another US$200 million in United States Notes.
- 1863 - US ironclad ships bomb Fort McAllister, Georgia.
- 1863 - First US wartime military conscription bill is enacted.
- 1864 - Ulric Dahlgren, USA Colonel, dies in battle at age 21.
- 1865 - Coinage Act creates 3-cent coin of 25 percent nickel and 75 percent copper, legal tender up to 60 cents; 1-cent coin now legal tender to only 4 cents. The act also allows the Mint director to apply the motto "In God We Trust" to be applied to all gold and silver coins.
- 1865 - Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands established to help destitute free blacks.
- 1869 - University of South Carolina opens to all races.
- 1871 - US Congress changes Indian tribes status from independent to dependent.
- 1871 - US Congress establishes the civil service system.
- 1873 - US Congress authorizes federal departmental postage stamps.
- 1873 - US Congress and government raise own salary, retroactively.
- 1873 - US President Ulysses Grant signs anti-obscenity bill into law, making it a crime to send through the mail obscene material, as well as literature on birth control and abortion.
- 1875 - US Congress authorizes 20-cent coin, lasts only three years.
- 1879 - In Washington, D.C., the United States Geological Survey is established, in the Department of the Interior, with responsibilities: "classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain".
- 1882 - New York Steam Corporation begins distributing steam to Manhattan buildings.
- 1883 - US Congress authorizes the first steel vessels in US navy.
- 1885 - First US state (California) establishes a permanent forest commission.
- 1885 - American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) incorporates.
- 1885 - US Congress passes Indian Appropriations Act (Indians become wards of federal government).
- 1885 - US Post Office offers special delivery for first-class mail.
- 1887 - American Protective Association forms (anti-Catholic) in Clinton, Iowa.
- 1891 - US Congress creates Office of Superintendent of Immigration (Treasury Department).
- 1891 - US Congress creates US Courts of Appeal.
- 1892 - First cattle tuberculosis test in US made, in Villa Nova, Pennsylvania.
- 1893 - US Congress authorizes first federal road agency, in Department of Agriculture.
- 1894 - First Greek-language publication in US begins, New York Atlantis.
- 1899 - George Dewey becomes first in US with rank of Admiral of the Navy.
- 1901 - US Congress creates National Bureau of Standards, in Department of Commerce.
- 1903 - North Carolina becomes first US state requiring registration of nurses.
- 1905 - US Forest Service forms.
- 1911 - First US federal cemetery with Union and Rebel graves opens, Missouri.
- 1913 - Ida B Wells-Barnett demonstrates for female suffrage in Washington DC.
- 1915 - National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NASA forerunner) created.
- 1917 - US Congress passes first excess profits tax on corporations.
- 1919 - First international air mail service from USA: Seattle, Washington to Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- 1923 - The first issue of Time magazine is published, in the USA.
- 1923 - US Senate rejects membership in International Court of Justice, The Hague.
- 1926 - International Greyhound Racing Association formed (Miami, Florida).
- 1931 - US President Herbert Hoover signs a resolution of Congress officially designating the "Star-Spangled Banner" as the National Anthem of the United States.
- 1933 - Mount Rushmore is dedicated.
- 1934 - John Dillinger breaks out of jail using a wooden pistol.
- 1942 - USS Perch submarine is abandoned and scuttled after damage from depth charges. Entire crew picked up by Japanese.
- 1945 - US and Philippine forces recaptures Corregidor.
- 1945 - US 7th Army occupies last part of Westwall.
- 1945 - U.S. forces gain control of all three airfields on Iwo Jima.
- 1952 - Puerto Rico approves their first self-written constitution.
- 1959 - Pioneer 4 is launched; becomes first US probe to enter solar orbit.
- 1965 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.
- 1966 - Tornado hits Jackson, Mississippi; 3 minutes after first sighting, 57 die.
- 1967 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.
- 1969 - Apollo 9 is launched (151 Earth orbits in 10 days).
- 1972 - Sculpted figures of Jefferson Davis, Robert E Lee, and Stonewall Jackson are completed at Stone Mountain, Georgia, USA.
- 1982 - US Senate begins debate on expulsion of Senator Harrison Williams (Democrat-New Jersey).
- 1989 - Machinists strike Eastern Airlines; pilots honor picket lines.
- 1989 - Robert McFarlane gets $20,000 fine, two years probation for Iran-Contra.
- 1990 - Carole Gist, age 20, (Michigan), crowned 39th Miss USA.
- 1991 - Iraqi generals and US General Schwarzkopf meet to discuss cease fire.
- 1991 - In California, Los Angeles Police severly beat Rodney King, captured on amateur video.
- 1991 - United Airlines plane crashes near Colorado Springs, kills 25.
- 1992 - President George H.W. Bush apologizes for raising taxes after pledging not to.
- 1995 - The Indiana Jones Adventure - Temple of the Forbidden Eye ride opens in Adventureland at Disneyland. This is the largest attraction at Disneyland.
Births on March 3
- 1890 - Birth of Edmund Lowe in San Jose, California; actor (Black Sheep, Front Page Detective, Dillinger).
- 1893 - Birth of Bill Nestell in California, USA; actor (Dangerous Venture, Buckskin Frontier).
- 1895 - Birth of Juanita Hansen in Iowa, USA; actress (Fast Company, Broadway Love).
- 1895 - Birth of Robert Gordon in Kansas, USA; actor (Loveless).
- 1902 - Birth of Ruby Dandridge in Memphis, Tennessee, USA; actress (Father of the Bride).
- 1907 - Birth of Canada Lee in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Lost Boundaries).
- 1911 - Birth of Jean Harlow [Harlean Carpentier] in Kansas City, Missouri, USA; 1930s' sex goddess (Dinner at 8).
- 1921 - Birth of Diana Barrymore in New York City, New York, USA; actress (Nightmare, Lady Courageous, Fired Wife).
- 1921 - Birth of Junior Parker in Arkansas, USA; blues vocalist/songwriter ("Mystery Train").
- 1928 - Birth of Paul Calle in New York City, New York, USA; US stamp designer (1967-1998).
- 1928 - Birth of Joe Conley in Buffalo, New York, USA; actor (Ike - The Waltons).
- 1945 - Birth of Hattie Winston in Greenville, Mississippi, USA; actress (Nurse, Electric Company).
- 1946 - Birth of James C Adamson in Warsaw, New York, USA; Lieutenant Colonel USA/astronaut (STS 28, STS 43).
- 1949 - Birth of Bonnie J Dunbar in Sunnyside, Washington, USA; PhD/astronaut (STS 61-A, 32, 50, 71, 89).
- 1949 - Birth of James S Voss in Cordova, Alabama, USA; Major, astronaut (STS 44, 53, 69).
- 1950 - Birth of Tim Kazurinsky in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, USA; comedian (Saturday Night Live, Police Academy 2, 3, 4).
- 1954 - Birth of Keith Carlton Fergus in Temple, Texas, USA; PGA golfer (1995 Honda Classic-8th).
- 1956 - Birth of Jim Barton in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA; soling yachter (Olympics-bronze-1996).
- 1958 - Birth of Bob Bradley in Montclair, New Jersey, USA; soccer coach (Olympics-gold-1996).
- 1962 - Birth of Jackie Joyner-Kersee in East Saint Louis, Illinois, USA; heptathlete (Olympics-gold-1988, 1992).
- 1963 - Birth of Elizabeth Chavez in Santa Monica, California, USA; WPVA volleyball player (US Open-13th-1991).
- 1963 - Birth of Kelly Miller in Detroit, Michigan, USA; NHL left wing (Washington Capitals).
- 1964 - Birth of Lisa Ann Poggi in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA; actress (Jolie - Loving).
- 1965 - Birth of A J Sager in Columbus, Ohio, USA; pitcher (Detroit Tigers).
- 1966 - Birth of Anthony Terrell Smith in Los Angeles, California, USA; rocker (Tone Loc - "Let's Do It").
- 1966 - Birth of Ellen Minzner in Lawrence, Massachusetts, USA; rower (Olympics-1996).
- 1966 - Birth of Noelle Daghe in Decatur, Illinois, USA; LPGA golfer (1994 PING-Cellular One-21st).
- 1966 - Birth of Wendy Fletcher in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; WPVA volleyball player (National-5th-1993).
- 1967 - Birth of Elizabeth Cheshire in Burbank, California, USA; actress (Jill - Sunshine).
- 1968 - Birth of Brian Leetch in Corpus Christi, Texas, USA; NHL defenseman (Team USA, New York Rangers).
- 1968 - Birth of Diann Roffe-Steinrotter in Warsaw, New York, USA; alpine skier (Olympics-gold/silver-1992).
- 1968 - Birth of Scott Radinsky in Simi Valley, California, USA; pitcher (Los Angeles Dodgers).
- 1970 - Birth of Donovan Bergstrom; American 3km steeplechase runner.
- 1970 - Birth of Scott Keswick in Nevada, USA; gymnast (Coca-Cola-first-1994, Olympics-1996).
- 1970 - Birth of Shawn Marie Brogan; Miss Iowa-USA (1997).
- 1973 - Birth of Tisha Venturini in Modesto, California, USA; soccer midfielder (Olympics-1996).
- 1975 - Birth of Albert Fields in Gary, Indiana; rocker (Party - "Rodeo", That's Why).
- 1975 - Birth of David Faustino in California; actor (I Had Three Wifes, Bud - Married With Children).
- 1978 - Birth of Douglas Osmond in Provo, Utah; vocalist (Osmonds second generation).
Deaths on March 3
- 1864 - Ulric Dahlgren, USA Colonel, dies in battle at age 21.
- 1985 - Sarah Blanding, first US female college head (Vassar 1946-64), dies at age 86.
- 1987 - Danny Kaye, American singer/actor/comedian (Danny Kaye Show), part owner of the Seattle Mariners, dies of heart failure at age 74 (born 1918).
- 1988 - Sewall Wright, US geneticist (evolution model), dies at age 98.
- 1991 - Arthur Murray, American dance instructor, dies at age 95 of pneumonia (born 1895).
- 1993 - Death of Harper Goff at age 81 in Los Angeles, California, USA; designed interior of Nautilus of film 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, designed many Disneyland and EPCOT buildings and attractions, named a Disney Legend in 1993.
- 1995 - Death of Howard W. Hunter, fourteenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (born 1907).
- 2009 - Death of Sydney Chaplin, age 82, of a stroke, in Rancho Mirage, California. Chaplin was a stage actor (Bells are Ringing, Funny Girl, Subways are for Sleeping).
- 2018 - Death of David Ogden Stiers at age 75 in Newport, Oregon, USA; actor (Charles Emerson Winchester III - M.A.S.H.)
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