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What happened in history on this day: March 20?
On March 20 in ...
- 1797 - The first U.S. Assay Commission meets.
- 1816 - US Supreme Court affirms its right to review state court decisions.
- 1852 - Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin book is published (Boston, Massachusetts).
- 1863 - Battle of Pensacola, Florida: evacuated by Federals.
- 1865 - Second day of Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina.
- 1868 - Jesse James Gang robs bank in Russelville, Kentucky of $14,000.
- 1886 - First AC power plant in US begins commercial operation, in Massachusetts.
- 1890 - General Federation of Womens' Clubs is founded.
- 1896 - US Marines land in Nicaragua to protect US citizens.
- 1897 - First US orthodox Jewish Rabbinical seminary (RIETS) incorporates in New York.
- 1922 - The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.
- 1935 - Your Hit Parade makes its debut on radio.
- 1944 - Bus falls off bridge into Passaic River, New Jersey, killing 16.
- 1945 - US 70th Infantry division/7th Armour division attack Saar.
- 1946 - The US Military Government in Berlin announces the capture of Mildred Gillars of Maine. Gillars was known as Axis Sally for her Berlin radio broadcasts to US troops in North Africa and Europe, describing the comforts of home and the folly of war with Germany.
- 1948 - 20th Academy Awards: Gentleman's Agreement, Ronald Colman, Loretta Young win.
- 1952 - 24th Academy Awards: American in Paris, Humphrey Bogart and Vivian Leigh win.
- 1952 - US Senate's final ratification of peace treaty restoring sovereignty to Japan.
- 1954 - The King and I closes at Saint James Theater in New York City after 1246 performances.
- 1954 - First newspaper vending machine used (Columbia, Pennsylvania).
- 1963 - First "Pop Art" exhibition (New York City, New York).
- 1965 - US President Lyndon Johnson notifies Alabama's Governor George Wallace that he will use federal authority to call up the Alabama National Guard in order to supervise a planned civil rights march from Selma to Montgomery.
- 1967 - A J F Moody is first US Army General to die in Vietnam.
- 1968 - US President Lyndon Johnson signs a bill removing gold backing from US paper money.
- 1969 - US President Richard Nixon proclaims he will end Vietnam war in 1970.
- 1976 - Patty Hearst is convicted of armed robbery and sentenced to seven years in prison.
- 1979 - Columbia flies on Shuttle carrier aircraft to Kennedy Space Center.
- 1980 - US appeals to International Court on hostages in Iran.
- 1981 - Angela M. Buchanan begins term as 37th Treasurer of the US.
- 1981 - Jean Harris sentenced 15-to-life for slaying of Scarsdale Diet Doctor.
- 1984 - US Senate rejects amendment to permit spoken prayer in public schools.
- 1987 - FDA approves sale of AZT (AIDS treatment).
- 1987 - NASA launches Palapa B2P.
- 1987 - Soviet filmmakers arrive in Hollywood for an entertainment summit.
- 1989 - Richard J Kerr replaces Robert M Gates as deputy director of US Central Intelligence Agency.
- 1991 - A Los Angeles jury awards Peggy Lee more than US$3.8 million in videocassette profits for her singing and songwriting in Disney's 1955 animated film Lady and the Tramp.
- 1991 - Michael Jackson signs US$65 million six-album deal with Sony Records.
- 1991 - US Supreme Court rules unanimously employers can't exclude women from jobs where exposure to toxic chemicals could potentially damage fetus.
- 1991 - US forgives US$2 billion in loans to Poland.
- 1994 - 14th Golden Raspberry Awards: Indecent Proposal wins.
- 1996 - In Los Angeles, California, Lyle and Erik Menendez are found guilty of first-degree murder for the shotgun killing of their parents.
- 1996 - The Federal Reserve begins issuing new Series 1996 $100 Notes, featuring many significant changes over the previous design: offset and larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin, universal Federal Reserve seal, watermark of Franklin, fluorescent colored thread indicating the denomination, microprinting in different areas, fine-line printing behind portrait and back vignette, and color-shiting ink (green to black) in the "100" on the bottom-right of the face.
- 2000 - Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin (H. Rap Brown), a former Black Panther, is captured after a gun battle in Atlanta, Georgia, that leaves a sheriff's deputy dead.
- 2003 - Land troops from United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invade Iraq.
Births on March 20
- 1834 - Birth of Charles William Elliot in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; President of Harvard University (1869-1909).
- 1853 - Birth of George Godfrey in Chelsea, Massachusetts, USA; heavyweight boxer (Old Chocolate).
- 1902 - Birth of Edgar Buchanan in Humansville, Missouri, USA; actor (Uncle Joe - Petticoat Junction).
- 1904 - Birth of Burrhus Frederic Skinner in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania, USA; behaviorism pioneer (Skinner box).
- 1908 - Birth of Frank Stanton in Muskegon, Michigan, USA; broadcasting executive (CBS).
- 1913 - Birth of Judith Evelyn in Seneca, South Dakota, USA; actress (13th Letter, Tingler, Rear Window).
- 1914 - Birth of Wendell Corey in Dracut, Massachusetts, USA; actor (11th Hour, Peck's Bad Girl).
- 1918 - Birth of Jack Barry in Lindenhurst, New York, USA; game show emcee (The Joker's Wild).
- 1922 - Birth of Carl Reiner in the Bronx, New York, USA; comedian/actor (2000 Year Old Man, Dick Van Dyke Show).
- 1922 - Birth of Larry Elgart in New Haven, Connecticut, USA; bandleader/alto sax (Elgart Orchestra).
- 1922 - Birth of Ray Goulding in Lowell, Massachusetts, USA; comedian (Bob and Ray).
- 1928 - Birth of Jerome Cousins Biffle in Denver, Colorado, USA; long jumper (Olympics-gold-1952).
- 1928 - Birth of Mr [Fred McFeely] Rogers in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, USA; children's television host (Mr Roger's Neighborhood).
- 1931 - Birth of Harold Lipshitz AKA Hal Linden in the Bronx, New York, USA; actor (Barney Miller, Blacke's Magic, Rothchild), singer.
- 1935 - Birth of Ted Bessell in Flushing Queens, New York, USA; actor (Don - That Girl, Frankie - Gomer Pyle).
- 1937 - Birth of Jerry Reed in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; singer/actor ('Gator, Bat 21, Smokey and the Bandit).
- 1945 - Birth of Pat Riley in Schenectady, New York, NBA star/coach (San Diego Rockets, Los Angeles Lakers, New York Knicks, Miami Heat).
- 1946 - Birth of Ranger Doug [Douglas Green] in Illinois, USA; singer (Riders in the Sky - "Cowboy Way").
- 1949 - Birth of Chip Zien in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; actor (Love Sidney, Reggie).
- 1950 - Birth of William Hurt in Washington DC; actor (The Big Chill, Children of a Lesser God).
- 1951 - Birth of Tanya Boyd in Detroit, Michigan, USA; actress (Celeste - Days of Our Lives).
- 1954 - Birth of Jim Seales in Hamilton, Alabama, USA; singer (Shenandoah - "Sunday in the South").
- 1957 - Birth of Spike Lee in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; director (Mo Better Blues, Jungle Fever, Malcolm X).
- 1957 - Birth of Theresa Russell [Paup] in San Diego, California, USA; actress (Black Widow, Straight Time, Razor's Edge).
- 1958 - Birth of Holly Hunter in Conyers, Georgia, USA; actress (The Piano, Broadcast News, Roe versus Wade).
- 1961 - Birth of John Clark Gable in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor (Bad Jim).
- 1961 - Birth of Kathy Guadagnino in Albany, New York, USA; LPGA golfer (1985 US Women's Open).
- 1964 - Birth of Ruth Davidon in Baltimore, Maryland, USA; rower (Olympics-6th-1996).
- 1965 - Birth of Chris Hoiles in Bowling Green, Ohio, USA; catcher (Baltimore Orioles).
- 1966 - Birth of Blas Minor in Merced, California, USA; pitcher (Seattle Mariners).
- 1967 - Birth of Dana Rinehart Dalton in Orlando, Florida, USA; Miss Florida-America (1990).
- 1970 - Birth of Kristin Klein in Santa Monica, California, USA; volleyball outside hitter (Olympics-1996).
- 1974 - Birth of P J Bogart in New York City, New York; diver (Olympics-1996).
- 1975 - Birth of Brian Buetsch in Rockford, Illinois, USA; figure skater (1997 Great Lakes Senior champion).
- 1982 - Birth of Nick Wheeler; American musician (The All-American Rejects).
Deaths on March 20
- 1933 - Giuseppe [Joe] Zangara electrocuted for assassination attempt on Franklin Roosevelt.
- 1962 - C Wright Mills, US sociologist (Power Elite), dies at age 45.
- 1967 - A J F Moody is first US Army General to die in Vietnam.
- 1974 - [Lavinia] Marian Fleming Poe, black US advocate in Virginia, dies at age 83.
- 1988 - Gil Evans, Canadian/US jazz composer (Out of the Cool), dies at age 75.
- 1995 - Sidney Kingsley, US playwright (Pulitzer prize 1934), dies at age 88.
- 2017 - Death of David Rockefeller, American banker and philanthropist (born 1915).
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