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What happened in history on this day: April 13?
On April 13 in ...
- 1796 - First elephant arrives in US from Bengal, India.
- 1860 - First Pony Express mail delivery reaches Sacramento, California.
- 1861 - After 34 hours of bombardment, U.S. Major Robert Anderson surrenders Fort Sumter in South Carolina to Confederates.
- 1863 - Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled in New York is first orthopedic hospital.
- 1863 - Battle of Irish Bend, Louisiana (Fort Bisland).
- 1865 - Battle of Raleigh, North Carolina.
- 1870 - Metropolitan Museum of Art forms in New York City.
- 1873 - Colfax Massacre in Grant Parish, Los Angeles (60 blacks killed).
- 1902 - JC Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming, USA.
- 1918 - Electrical fire kills 38 mental patients at Oklahoma State Hospital.
- 1920 - Helen Hamilton is appointed US Civil Service Commissioner.
- 1928 - First trans-atlantic flight, Europe-US (Fitzmaurice-von Hünefeld-Köhl).
- 1934 - 4.7 million US families report receiving welfare payments.
- 1934 - US Congress passes Johnson Debt Default Act.
- 1943 - US President Franklin Roosevelt dedicates Jefferson Memorial.
- 1944 - South Carolina rejects black suffrage.
- 1945 - US marines conquer Minna Shima off Okinawa.
- 1954 - American physicist Robert Oppenheimer accused of being a communist.
- 1955 - 20.33 inches (51.64 cm) of rainfall in Axis, Alabama (state record).
- 1956 - At the NARTB convention in Chicago, Illinois, Ampex Corporation of Redwood City, California, demonstrates the first commercial magnetic tape recorder for sound and picture. Price of a machine: $75,000.
- 1957 - 11th Tony Awards: Long Days Journey into the Night and My Fair Lady win.
- 1957 - Due to lack of funds, Saturday mail delivery in the US is temporarily halted.
- 1958 - 12th Tony Awards: Sunrise at Campobello and Music Man win.
- 1959 - US Air Force launches Discoverer II into polar orbit.
- 1959 - Vanguard SLV-5 launched for Earth orbit (failed).
- 1960 - Transit 1B, first navigational satellite, placed in Earth orbit.
- 1962 - US steel industry forced to give up price increases.
- 1964 - 36th Academy Awards - Tom Jones, Sidney Poitier, and Patricia Neal win.
- 1970 - Apollo 13 announces "Houston, we've got a problem!" as Beech-built oxygen tank explodes en route to Moon.
- 1976 - The US Treasury releases 225 million Series 1976 $2 Federal Reserve notes commemorating the Bicentennial of the Declaration of Independence.
- 1980 - Grease closes at Broadhurst Theater in New York City after 3,388 performances.
- 1981 - Washington Post's Janet Cooke wins Pulitzer Prize for "Jimmy's World" (later admits story was a hoax and returns prize).
- 1983 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.
- 1984 - Christopher Wilder, FBI's "most wanted man", accidentally kills self.
- 1992 - American Airlines reduces its first-class fares 20-50 percent.
- 1992 - Crystal Pepsi begins test marketing in the USA in Providence, Denver, and Dallas.
- 1992 - Great Chicago Flood - Chicago's underground tunnels flood.
- 2008 - In Augusta, Georgia, the final round of the U.S. Masters golf tournament is held. Trevor Immelman wins by three shots over Tiger Woods, with a score of 75, the first South African to win the U.S. Masters in 30 years.
- 2017 - The U.S. drops the GBU-43/B MOAB, the world's largest non-nuclear weapon, at an ISIL base in Nangarhar, Afghanistan.
- 2019 - First flight of Stratolaunch aircraft from Mojave Air and Space Port, largest aircraft ever built.
Births on April 13
- 1907 - Birth of Harold Stassen in West Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA; Minnesota Governor (Republican), perennial presidential candidate.
- 1909 - Birth of Eudora Welty in Jackson, Mississippi, USA; novelist (Optimist's Daughter - Pulitzer 1973).
- 1912 - Birth of Roy Winsor in Chicago, Illinois, USA; producer (Search for Tomorrow, Love of Life).
- 1913 - Birth of David Donald Albritton in Danville, Alabama, USA; high jumper (Olympics-silver-1936).
- 1919 - Birth of Harold Clifford Keel AKA Howard Keel in Gillespie, Illinois, USA; actor/singer (Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, Kiss Me Kate).
- 1924 - Birth of Stanley Donen in Columbia, South Carolina, USA; film director/producer (Bedazzled, Damn Yankees).
- 1926 - Birth of Don [James Yarmy] Adams in New York City, New York, USA; actor/comedian (Maxwell Smart - Get Smart, Check it Out).
- 1927 - Birth of Mari Blanchard in Long Beach, California, USA; actress (Kathy - Klondike).
- 1929 - Birth of Marilynn Smith in Topeka, Kansas, USA; LPGA golfer (1972 Pabst Open).
- 1935 - Birth of Lyle Waggoner in Kansas City, Kansas, USA; actor (Carol Burnett Show, Wonder Woman).
- 1936 - Birth of Loretta Lynn in Butcher's Hollow, Kentucky, USA; country singer ("Coal Miner's Daughter").
- 1938 - Birth of Frederic Rzewski in Westfield, Massachusetts, USA; composer (Spacecraft).
- 1939 - Birth of Paul Sorvino in Brookyn, New York, USA; stage/screen actor (Law and Order, Reds, Goodfellas, A Touch of Class, That Championship Season, An American Millionaire, The Mating Dance, Skyscraper, King Lear).
- 1940 - Birth of Lester Chambers in Flora, Mississippi, USA; vocalist (Chambers Brothers - "Time Has Come Today").
- 1942 - Birth of Bill Conti in Providence, Rhode Island, USA; composer (For Your Eyes Only, Rocky IV).
- 1944 - Birth of Jack Casady in Washington, DC; rock bassist (Hot Tuna, Jefferson Airplane).
- 1945 - Birth of Edward J Caruthers Junior in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; high jumper (Olympics-silver-1968).
- 1945 - Birth of Tony Dow in Hollywood, California, USA; actor (Wally - Leave it to Beaver).
- 1946 - Birth of Al Green in Forest City, Arkansas, USA; singer ("Let's Stay Together").
- 1948 - Birth of Amy Robinson in Trenton, New Jersey, USA; writer/actress (Mean Streets).
- 1950 - Birth of Ron Perlman in the Bronx, New York, USA; actor (Quest for Fire, Beauty and the Beast).
- 1950 - Birth of Terry Lester in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; actor (Royce Keller - As the World Turns, Mason Capwell - Santa Barbara, Jack Abbott - The Young and the Restless).
- 1951 - Birth of Peabo Bryson in Greenville, South Carolina, USA; rhythm and blues vocalist ("I'm So into You").
- 1955 - Birth of Louis Johnson in Los Angeles, California, USA; rock bassist/vocalist (Brothers Johnson).
- 1957 - Birth of Gary Kroeger in Cedar Falls, Iowa, USA; comedian-actor (Saturday Night Live, Return of the Shaggy Dog).
- 1957 - Birth of Saundra Santiago in Bronx, New York, USA; actress (Gina - Miami Vice).
- 1961 - Birth of Tammy Stephens in Arlington, Texas, USA; singer (Girls Next Door - Don't Be Cruel).
- 1963 - Birth of Mark Leiter in Joliet, Illinois, USA; pitcher (San Francisco Giants).
- 1964 - Birth of Davis Milton Love III in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA; PGA golfer (1987 MCI Heritage).
- 1964 - Birth of Doug Strange in Greenville, South Carolina, USA; infielder (Seattle Mariners).
- 1964 - Birth of Page Hannah in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actress (Kate Riley - Fame).
- 1966 - Birth of Rodney Smith in Washington DC; 149.5 pounds greco-roman wrestler (Olympics-1992, 1996).
- 1968 - Birth of Tami Lyn Jameson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; team handball goalie/twin sister of Toni (Olympics-1992, 1996).
- 1968 - Birth of Toni Lee Jameson in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; team handball back court/twin sister of Tami (Olympics-1996).
- 1970 - Birth of Ramona Reuter; Miss New York-USA (1997).
- 1970 - Birth of Rick Schroder in Staten Island, New York, USA; actor (Ricky - Silver Spoons, Champ, Earthling).
- 1971 - Birth of Corey Yothers in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor (Off the Rock).
- 1976 - Birth of Jonathan Brandis in Danbury, Connecticut; actor (Lucas Wolenczak - seaQuest DSV, Never Ending Story II).
- 1978 - Birth of Grace Murray Tubbs; Miss Montana Teen-USA (1996).
- 1979 - Birth of Monica Ivey; Miss Hawaii Teen-USA (1996).
Deaths on April 13
- 1941 - Annie Jump Cannon, American astronomer (Henry Draper catalogues), dies at age 77.
- 1990 - Death of Thurston Harris at age 58 of a heart attack in Pomona, California, USA; rhythm-and-blues singer ("Little Bitty Pretty One" (1957)).
- 1993 - Death of Wallace Stegner, American writer (car accident) (born 1909).
- 2009 - Former major-league pitcher (Detroit Tigers, 1976-80) Mark Fidrych dies in an apparent accident at his farm in Northborough, Massachusetts, at age 54.
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