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What happened in history on this day: April 22?
On April 22 in ...
- 1793 - President George Washington attends opening of Rickett's, first circus in US.
- 1864 - US Congress approves switching the 1-cent coin from copper-nickel to French bronze (95 percent copper, 5 percent tin and zinc), weighing 48 grains. Also authorized is a 2-cent coin of the same composition and twice the weight. Legal tender amount of the 1-cent coin is limited to 10 cents, and the 2-cent piece to 20 cents. Production and circulation of tokens of those denominations is banned.
- 1864 - Joseph Gilbert Totten, USA General-Major, dies at age 76.
- 1865 - Francis Washburn, USA Colonel/General Major, dies of injuries.
- 1884 - US recognizes King Leopold II's Congo Free State.
- 1889 - Oklahoma land rush officially starts; as many as nine out of ten of these settlers had jumped the gun, earning themselves the name "Sooners".
- 1898 - First Spanish-American War action: USS Nashville takes enemy ship.
- 1898 - US Congress passes Volunteer Army Act calling for a Volunteer Cavalry.
- 1898 - US President William McKinley orders blockade of Cuban harbors.
- 1903 - American Power Boat Association forms.
- 1914 - México ends diplomatic relations with US.
- 1930 - US, Britain and Japan sign London Naval Treaty to reduce naval forces.
- 1931 - Austria, Britain, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the USA recognize the Spanish Republic.
- 1937 - New York City college students stage fourth annual peace strike.
- 1940 - Rear Admiral Joseph Taussig testifies before US Senate Naval Affairs Committee that war with Japan is inevitable (He was right).
- 1951 - Ticker-tape parade for General Douglas MacArthur in New York City, New York, USA.
- 1952 - First atomic explosion on network news, Nob Nevada.
- 1954 - US Senate Army-McCarthy televised hearings begin.
- 1955 - US Congress orders all US coins to bear motto "In God We Trust".
- 1964 - The New York World's Fair opens in Flushing Meadow, Corona Park, New York, held for the 300th anniversary of New York City. US President Lyndon Johnson opens the fair, which covers over 646 acres of land. Theme of the fair is "Peace Through Understanding". Walt Disney's WED company constructed pavilions for: Ford (Magic Skyway), General Electric (Progressland), the state of Illinois (Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln), and Pepsi-Cola / UNICEF (It's a Small World).
- 1970 - First Earth Day held internationally to conserve natural resources; largest single protest in American history.
- 1970 - New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller signs into law a package of revenue aids for New York City, including off-track betting.
- 1972 - Apollo 16 astronauts John Young and Charles Duke explore the Moon.
- 1979 - The Albert Einstein Memorial is unveiled at The National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC.
- 1986 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.
- 1990 - Lebanon releases US hostage Robert Polhill after 39 months.
- 1990 - Death of Albert Salmi at age 62 of suicide after killing his terminally-ill wife in their home in Spokane, Washington, USA; actor (The US Steel Hour TV show, Studio 1 TV show, Alcoa Presents TV show, Daniel Boone, The Virginian, Gunsmoke, Wagon Train, Bonanza, Caddyshack).
- 1991 - Shalom America (Jewish cable network) is launched in Brooklyn and Queens.
- 1992 - 6.0 earthquake in California.
- 1992 - Billy Wayne White, murderer, executed in Texas at age 34.
- 1992 - Plane crash at Perris Valley Airport, California, kills 16 parachutists.
- 1993 - Holocaust Memorial Museum dedicated in Washington, DC.
- 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
- 1998 - Disney's Animal Kingdom opens to the public at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida.
- 2010 - The Deepwater Horizon oil rig off the Louisiana coast sinks into the Gulf of Mexico two days after an explosion tore through it.
- 2021 - World leaders mark Earth Day by hosting a virtual summit on climate change, during which more ambitious targets for greenhouse gas emission reductions are proposed, including a 40% cut by 2030 for the United States.
Births on April 22
- 1832 - Birth of Julius Sterling Morton Adams in New York; American politician (Governor-Nebraska), started Arbor Day.
- 1873 - Birth of Ellen Anderson Gholson Glasgow in Richmond, Virginia, USA; novelist (Ancient Law, Pulitzer-1942).
- 1891 - Birth of Belle Bennett in Milcoon Rapids, Iowa, USA; actress (Stella Dallas, Iron Mask).
- 1904 - Birth of Julius Robert Oppenheimer in New York City, New York, USA; physicist, head of Manhattan Project (atomic bomb) (dies 1967).
- 1906 - Birth of Edward Albert Heimberger AKA Eddie Albert in Rock Island, Illinois, USA; actor (Roman Holiday, The Heartbreak Kid, Oliver - Green Acres) (dies 2005).
- 1909 - Birth of Ralph Byrd in Dayton, Ohio, USA; actor (Dick Tracy TV Show).
- 1915 - Birth of Dick Dudley in Tennessee, USA; TV host (Village Barn).
- 1916 - Birth of Yehudi Menuhin in New York City, New York, USA; violinist/conductor (Bartok's Sonata).
- 1918 - Birth of Robert Wadlow in Alton, Illinois, USA; world's tallest man (8 feet 11.1 inches).
- 1920 - Birth of Hal March in San Francisco, California, USA; actor/TV host ($64,000 Question, Outrage).
- 1922 - Birth of Charles Mingus in Arizona, USA; jazz musician ("Pithecanthropus Erectus") (dies 1979).
- 1922 - Birth of Lou Stein in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; pianist (Tonight! America After Dark).
- 1923 - Birth of Aaron Spelling in Dallas, Texas, USA; TV executive producer (Charlie's Angels, Melrose Place, Dynasty, The Love Boat, Starsky and Hutch, The Mod Squad) (dies 2006).
- 1926 - Birth of Bob Flannigan in Greencastle, Indiana, USA; singer (Four Freshmen).
- 1926 - Birth of Charlotte Rae in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; actress (Edna - The Facts of Life).
- 1932 - Birth of Michael Colgrass in Chicago, Illinois, USA; composer (Best Wishes).
- 1936 - Birth of Glen Campbell in Delight, Arkansas, USA; actor/singer ("Rhinestone Cowboy", "By the Time I Get to Phoenix", "Galveston", "Wichita Lineman").
- 1937 - Birth of Jack Nicholson in Neptune, New Jersey, USA; actor (As Good As It Gets, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, The Shining).
- 1939 - Birth of Jason Miller in Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA; actor/writer (Exorcist, Light of Day).
- 1949 - Birth of Spencer Haywood in Silver City, Mississippi, USA; NBA star (Seattle Supersonics, New York Knicks, Olympics-gold-1968).
- 1954 - Birth of Joseph Bottoms in Santa Barbara, California, USA; actor (Surfacing, Blind Date).
- 1957 - Birth of Alan Campbell in Homestead, Florida, USA; actor (EZ - Three's a Crowd).
- 1959 - Birth of Ryan Stiles in Seattle, Washington, USA; actor/comedian (Lewis - Drew Carey Show, Who's Line Is It Anyway?).
- 1961 - Birth of Byron Allen in Los Angeles, California, USA; comedian (Real People, Byron Allen Show).
- 1961 - Birth of Jimmy Key in Huntsville, Alabama, USA; pitcher (Toronto Blue Jays, New York Yankees, Baltimore Orioles).
- 1962 - Birth of Denise Baldwin in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; LPGA golfer (1991 Futures Salisbury).
- 1967 - Birth of Bart Bowen in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA; cyclist (Olympics-1996).
- 1967 - Birth of Sheryl Lee in Boulder, Colorado, USA; actress (Twin Peaks, Love Lies and Murder).
- 1969 - Birth of George Williams in Lacrosse, Wisconsin, USA; catcher (Oakland Athletics).
- 1980 - Birth of Monica Flammer in Gainesville, Florida; gymnast (alternate-Olympics-1996).
- 1980 - Birth of Aaron Metchnik in Santa Barbara, California; actor (Stephen - Torkelsons).
- 1985 - Birth of Lauri Hendler in Fort Belvoir, Virginia; actress (Julie - Gimme a Break).
Deaths on April 22
- 1864 - Joseph Gilbert Totten, USA General-Major, dies at age 76.
- 1865 - Francis Washburn, USA Colonel/General Major, dies of injuries.
- 1946 - Harlan Fiske Stone, Chief Justice US Supreme Court (1941-46), dies at age 73.
- 1978 - Death of William Auge Geer AKA Will Geer from a respiratory ailment at age 75, American actor (Grandpa - The Waltons) (born 1902).
- 1980 - Death of Jane Froman at age 72 from chronic heart and lung disease; singer ("I Only Have Eyes for You", "I'll Walk Alone", "I Believe", Jane Froman's USA Canteen TV show).
- 1984 - Ansel Adams, American photographer, dies at age 82 (born 1902).
- 1985 - Death of Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (born 1900).
- 1988 - Irene Rich, US actress (Beau Brumell, Champ), dies at age 96.
- 1989 - Huey Newton, American Black Panther leader, shot dead at age 47.
- 1990 - Death of Albert Salmi at age 62 of suicide after killing his terminally-ill wife in their home in Spokane, Washington, USA; actor (The US Steel Hour TV show, Studio 1 TV show, Alcoa Presents TV show, Daniel Boone, The Virginian, Gunsmoke, Wagon Train, Bonanza, Caddyshack).
- 1994 - Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th US President (1969-74), dies of stroke at age 81 (born 1913).
- 1996 - Erma Bombeck, American humorist and writer (Grass is Greener over the Septic Tank), dies at age 69 (born 1927).
- 2004 - Death of Pat Tillman, American football player and U.S. Army Ranger (killed in Iraq) (born 1976).
- 2007 - Death of Juanita Millender-McDonald, American politician (born 1938).
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