What happened in history on this day: May 19?
On May 19 in ...
- 1780 - About midday, near-total darkness descends on much of New England, its cause is unexplained.
- 1796 - Game protection law restricts encroachment on Indian hunting grounds.
- 1848 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the Mexican-American War, is ratified by the Mexican government.
- 1856 - Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts speaks out against slavery.
- 1863 - USA forces begin attack on Vicksburg's earthwork defences.
- 1864 - Battle of Port Walthall Junction, Virginia (Bermuda Hundred).
- 1864 - Skirmish at Cassville, Georgia.
- 1878 - Blanche Kelso Bruce is appointed register of treasury by President James Garfield.
- 1884 - Ringling Brothers circus premieres.
- 1885 - First mass production of shoes (by Jan Matzeliger in Lynn, Massachusetts, USA).
- 1892 - National Society of Colonial Dames of America is founded.
- 1898 - Post Office authorizes use of postcards.
- 1900 - Jim Butler discovers an outcrop of gold ore in the Nevada desert, setting off a gold rush.
- 1902 - The Colorado African Colonization Company is formed in Denver, Colorado, to promote blacks returning to West Coast of Africa.
- 1906 - Federated Boys' Club (Boys' Club of America) organizes.
- 1913 - US Congress passes Webb Alien Land-Holding Bill, forbidding Japanese from owning land in USA.
- 1921 - US Congress sharply curbs immigration, setting a national quota system.
- 1928 - "Firedamp" explodes in Mather Pennsylvania coal mine killing 195 of 273 miners.
- 1929 - Cloudburst causes stampede in Yankee Stadium, New York; two people crushed to death.
- 1943 - British Prime Minister Winston Churchill pledges England's full support to US against Japan.
- 1953 - Nuclear explosion in Nevada (fall-out in Saint George, Utah).
- 1954 - Postmaster General Summerfield approves US Central Intelligence Agency mail-opening project.
- 1958 - US and Canada form North American Air Defense Command (NORAD).
- 1960 - Alan Freed and eight other disk jockeys accused of taking radio payola.
- 1960 - US Air Force Major Robert M White takes X-15 to 33,222m.
- 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Christmas Island (atmospheric).
- 1964 - US diplomats find at least 40 secret microphones in the Moscow embassy.
- 1965 - U.S. Congressman Silvio Conte of Massachusetts introduces legislation intended to prohibit silver dollar production.
- 1967 - US bombs Hanoi, Vietnam.
- 1967 - USSR ratifies treaty with England and US banning nuclear weapons in space.
- 1967 - Congress prohibits export of US silver coins.
- 1968 - In Los Angeles, California, and New York, New York, the 20th Annual Emmy Awards are presented, hosted by Frank Sinatra (Los Angeles) and Dick Van Dyke (New York).
- Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Dramatic Series: Bill Cosby for I Spy
- Outstanding Single Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Drama: Melvyn Douglas for episode "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" of CBS Playhouse
- Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Comedy Series: Don Adams for Get Smart
- Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Dramatic Series: Barbara Bain for Mission: Impossible
- Outstanding Single Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Drama: Maureen Stapleton for Among the Paths to Eden
- Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Comedy Series: Lucille Ball for The Lucy Show
- Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Drama: Milburn Stone for episode "Baker's Dozen" of Gunsmoke
- Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Comedy: Werner Klemperer for Hogan's Heroes
- Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Drama: Barbara Anderson for Ironside
- Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Comedy: Marion Lorne for Bewitched
- Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Comedy: Bruce Bilson for episode "Maxwell Smart, Private Eye" of Get Smart
- Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Drama: Paul Bogart for episode "Dear Friends" of CBS Playhouse
- Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Music or Variety: Jack Haley Junior for Movin' with Nancy
- Outstanding Writing Achievement in Comedy: Allan Burns and Chris Hayward for episode "The Coming Out Party" of He & She
- Outstanding Writing Achievement in Drama: Loring Mandel for episode "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" of CBS Playhouse
- Outstanding Writing Achievement in Music or Variety: Chris Bearde, Phil Hahn, Jack Hanrahan, Coslough Johnson, Paul Keyes, Marc London, Allan Manings, David Panich, Hugh Wedlock Junior, and Digby Wolfe for Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In
- Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography: Ralph Woolsey for episode "A Thief is a Thief is a Thief" of It Takes a Thief
- Outstanding Achievement in Art Direction and Scenic Design: Jan Scott and George Gaines for Kismet
- Outstanding Musical or Variety Series: George Schlatter for Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In
- Outstanding Musical or Variety Program: George Schlatter for Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In
- Outstanding Achievement in Musical Composition: Earle Hagen for episode "Laya" of I Spy
- Outstanding Dramatic Series: Mission: Impossible
- Special Classification of Individual Achievements: Art Carney for The Jackie Gleason Show
- Outstanding Dramatic Program: "Elizabeth the Queen" of Hallmark Hall of Fame
- Outstanding Achievement in Sports Programming - Programs: ABC's Wide World of Sports
- Outstanding Achievement in Daytime Programming - Programs: Today
- Outstanding Comedy Series: Get Smart
- International Award, Entertainment: episode "Call Me Daddy" of Armchair Theatre.
- 1972 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.
- 1975 - In Los Angeles, California, the 27th Annual Emmy Awards (primetime programming) are presented.
- Outstanding Lead Actor in a Special Program - Drama or Comedy: Laurence Olivier for Love Among the Ruins
- Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series: Robert Blake for Baretta
- Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series: Tony Randall for The Odd Couple
- Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series: Peter Falk for the Columbo series of The NBC Mystery Movie
- Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series: Jean Marsh for Upstairs, Downstairs
- Outstanding Lead Actress in a Special Program - Drama or Comedy: Katharine Hepburn for Love Among the Ruins
- Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series: Jessica Walter for Amy Prentiss
- Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series: Valerie Harper for Rhoda
- Outstanding Continuing or Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in Variety or Music: Jack Albertson for Cher
- Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Special: Anthony Quayle for QB VII
- Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Drama Series: Will Geer for The Waltons
- Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Series: Patrick McGoohan for Columbo: By Dawn's Early Light
- Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series: Edward Asner for Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series: Betty White for Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Continuing or Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in Variety or Music: Cloris Leachman for Cher
- Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy or Drama Special: Juliet Mills for QB VII
- Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Drama Series: Ellen Corby for The Waltons
- Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy or Drama Series: Zohra Lampert for episode Queen of the Gypsies of Kojak and Cloris Leachman for episode Phyllis Whips Inflation of Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Directing in a Comedy-Variety or Music Series: Dave Powers for The Carol Burnett Show
- Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series: Gene Reynolds for episode O.R.. of M*A*S*H
- Outstanding Directing in a Drama Series: Bill Bain for episode A Sudden Storm of Upstairs, Downstairs
- Outstanding Directing in a Special Program - Drama or Comedy: George Cukor for Love Among the Ruins
- Outstanding Directing in a Comedy-Variety or Music Special: Bill Davis for An Evening with John Denver
- Outstanding Achievement in Technical Direction: Ernie Buttelman, Jim Angel, Jim Balden, Ron Brooks, and Art LaCombe for The Missiles of October
- Outstanding Writing in a Special Program - Drama or Comedy - Original Teleplay: James Costigan for Love Among the Ruins
- Outstanding Writing in a Comedy-Variety or Music Series: Ed Simmons, Gary Belkin, Roger Beatty, Arnie Kogen, Bill Richmond, Gene Perret, Rudy De Luca, Barry Levinson, Dick Clair, and Jenna McMahon for The Carol Burnett Show
- Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series: Howard Fast for episode The Ambassador of Benjamin Franklin
- Outstanding Writing in a Comedy-Variety or Music Special: Bob Wells, John Bradford, Cy Coleman for Shirley MacLaine: If They Could See Me Now
- Outstanding Writing in a Special Program - Drama or Comedy - Adaptation: David W. Rintels for Clarence Darrow
- Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series: Ed Weinberger and Stan Daniels for episode Mary Richards Goes to Jail of Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography for Entertainment Programming for a Series: Richard C. Glouner for Columbo: Playback
- Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography for Entertainment Programming for a Special: David M. Walsh for Queen of the Stardust Ballroom
- Outstanding Individual Achievement in Art Direction or Scenic Design - For a Single Episode of a Comedy, Drama or Limited Series: Charles Lisanby and Robert Checchi for episode The Ambassador of Benjamin Franklin
- Outstanding Achievemnet in Art Direction or Scenic Design - For a Single Episode of a Comedy-Variety or Music Series or a Comedy-Variety or Music Special: Robert Kelly and Robert Checchi for Cher
- Outstanding Achievement in Costume Design: Guy C. Verhille for The Legend of Lizzie Borden and Margaret Furse for Love Among the Ruins
- Outstanding Achievement in Film or Tape Sound Mixing: Marshall King for The American Film Institute Salute to James Cagney
- Outstanding Film Editing for Entertainment Programming for a Special: Byron 'Buzz' Brandt and Irving Rosenblum for QB VII and John A. Martinelli for The Legend of Lizzie Borden
- Outstanding Achievement in Video Tape Editing: Gary Anderson and Jim McElroy for Judgment: The Court Martial of Lieutenant William Calley
- Outstanding Film Editing for Entertainment Programming for a Series - For a Single Episode of a Comedy Series: Douglas Hines for episode An Affair To Forget of Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Film Editing for Entertainment Programming for a Series - For a Single Episode of a Drama Series: Donald R. Rode for episode Mirror, Mirror On The Wall of Petrocelli
- Outstanding Achievement in Film Sound Editing: Marvin I. Kosberg, Richard Burrow, Milton C. Burrow, Jack Milner, Ron Ashcroft, James Ballas, Josef von Stroheim, Jerry Rosenthal, William Andrews, Edward L. Sandlin, David M. Horton, Alvin Kajita, Tony Garber, and Jeremy Hoenack for QB VII
- Outstanding Special - Comedy-Variety or Music: An Evening with John Denver
- Outstanding Classical Music Program: Profile in Music: Beverly Sills Festival
- Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a Special: Jerry Goldsmith for QB VII
- Outstanding Comedy-Variety or Music Series: The Carol Burnett Show
- Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a Series: Billy Goldenberg for episode The Rebel of Benjamin Franklin
- Outstanding Drama Series: Upstairs, Downstairs
- Outstanding Limited Series: Benjamin Franklin
- Outstanding Special - Drama or Comedy: The Law
- Outstanding Achievement in Any Area of Creative Technical Crafts: Edie Panda for episode The Ambassador of Benjamin Franklin
- Outstanding Achievement in Graphic Design: Phill Norman for QB VII
- Special Classification of Outstanding Program and Individual Achievement: Masterpiece Theatre and The American Film Institute Salute to James Cagney
- Outstanding Comedy Series: Mary Tyler Moore
- Outstanding Children's Special: Yes, Virginia, There Is a Santa Claus
- Outstanding Achievement in Choreography: Marge Champion for Queen of the Stardust Ballroom
- Outstanding Achievement in Art Direction or Scenic Design - For a Dramatic Special or Feature Length Film Made for Television: Carmen Dillon and Tessa Davies for Love Among the Ruins
- 1976 - US Senate establishes permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.
- 1980 - Apple Computer introduces the Apple III computer. It features twice the processor speed (2 MHz 6502 processor) as the Apple II, twice the memory (128 kB), built-in 5.25-inch floppy drive, Apple SOS operating system. With a small case and no cooling fan, reliability problems limit lifetime sales over four years to 65,000 units.
- 1988 - Carlos Lehder Rivas, of Colombia's Medellín drug cartel, is convicted in Florida for smuggling more than three tons of cocaine into US.
- 1989 - Dow Jones average passes 2,500 mark for first time, closes at 2,501.1.
- 1989 - United States Senator Albert Gore introduces a U$1.75 billion bill in Congress to finance creation of a nationwide "data super highway" to link supercomputers.
- 1993 - Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 3,500 for first time (3,500.03).
- 1998 - The US aircraft Yorktown is located by searchers, three miles below the ocean surface, where she sank on June 7, 1942.
Births on May 19
- 1909 - Birth of Bruce Bennett in Tacoma, Washington, USA; actor (Before I Hang, Sahara, Perry Mason TV show, Science Fiction Theatre TV show, Virginian TV show, Tales of Wells Fargo TV show, Ford Television Theatre TV show).
- 1919 - Birth of Betty Jameson in Norman, Oklahoma, USA; LPGA golfer (1947 US Women's Open).
- 1922 - Birth of David McLean in Akron, Ohio, USA; actor (Tate - Tate).
- 1925 - Birth of Malcolm X [Little] in Omaha, Nebraska, USA; assassinated leader of black Muslims.
- 1934 - Birth of James Charles Lehrer in Wichita, Kansas, USA; news anchor (McNeil-Lehrer Report).
- 1935 - Birth of David Hartman in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, USA; TV personality (Good Morning America).
- 1938 - Birth of Marilyn Chris in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actress (Wanda Wolek - One Life to Live).
- 1939 - Birth of Francis R Scobee in Cle Elum, Washington, USA; Air Force/astronaut (STS 41C, 51L-Challenger disaster).
- 1941 - Birth of Nora Ephron in New York City, New York, USA; novelist/screenwriter/director (Sleepless in Seattle, You've Got Mail, Michael, Heartburn).
- 1946 - Birth of Diedre Lenihan in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; actress (Wendy - Needles and Pins).
- 1947 - Birth of Jerry Hyman in Brooklyn, New York, USA; rock singer/trombonist (Blood Sweat and Tears).
- 1948 - Birth of Tom Scott in Los Angeles, California, USA; saxophonist/bandleader (Pat Sajak Show).
- 1951 - Birth of Joey Ramone AKA Jeffrey Hyman in Queens, New York, USA; punk rocker (Ramones - "Beat on the Brat" (1976), "Now I Want to Sniff Some Glue", "Baby I Love You").
- 1954 - Birth of Rick Cerone in Newark, New Jersey, USA; catcher (New York Yankees/Boston Red Sox/New York Mets/Montreal Expos).
- 1955 - Birth of Pierre J Thuot in Groton, Connecticut, USA; Lieutenant Commander US Navy/astronaut (STS 36, 49, 62).
- 1956 - Birth of Steven Ford in East Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA; actor (When Harry Met Sally, The Young and the Restless, Secret Service).
- 1961 - Birth of Lisa Rathgber in Hillsboro, Illinois, USA; bowler (LPBT Rookie of Year 1980).
- 1964 - Birth of Michael Dean Standly in Abilene, Texas, USA; PGA golfer (1993 Freeport-McMoRan).
- 1967 - Birth of Turk Wendell in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, USA; pitcher (Chicago Cubs).
- 1968 - Birth of Jeanne Basone in Burbank, California, USA; wrestler (Hollywood-GLOW).
- 1969 - Birth of Cecile Ulbrich Tucker in Warren, Maine, USA; rower (Olympics-1996).
- 1969 - Birth of David Wharton in Warminster, Pennsylvania, USA; American Olympic swimmer (Olympics-silver-1988).
Deaths on May 19
- 1795 - Death of Josiah Bartlett at age 65; US physician/judge, signed Declaration of Independence.
- 1864 - Nathaniel Hawthorne, US writer (Scarlet Letter), dies.
- 1954 - Charles Edward Ives, American composer (Unanswered Question), dies at age 79.
- 1969 - Death of Coleman Hawkins at age 69 of bronchial pneumonia in New York, USA; jazz saxophonist ("Body and Soul" (1939)).
- 1989 - Death of Robert Webber of ALS at age 64; TV actor (40-year career, over 500 appearances, Alex - Moonlighting).
- 1994 - Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, First Lady (1961-63), dies of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at age 64 (born 1929).
- 2023 - Death of Martin Amis at age 73 of esophageal cancer at home in Lake Worth, Florida, USA; author (Money, London Fields).
- 2023 - Death of Andy Rourke at age 59 of pancreatic cancer in Manhattan, New York, USA; bassist (Smiths).
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