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What happened in history on this day: July 23?
On July 23 in ...
- 1827 - First US swim school opens (Boston, Massachusetts).
- 1852 - First internment in US National Cemetary at Presidio, San Francisco, California.
- 1866 - Congress authorizes the sale of the Charlotte and Dahlonega Mint buildings.
- 1877 - First US municipal railroad, Cincinnati Southern, begins operations.
- 1903 - The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
- 1926 - Fox Film buys the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
- 1937 - Isolation of pituitary hormone announced (Yale University).
- 1944 - US forces invade Japanese-held Tinian in WW II.
- 1947 - First (US Navy) air squadron of jets, Quonset Point, Rhode Island.
- 1948 - Progressive party convention nominates Henry Wallace for President.
- 1956 - Bell X-2 rocket plane sets world aircraft speed record of 3,050 kph.
- 1965 - US President Lyndon Johnson signs into law the Coinage Act of 1965. Some provisions:
- authorizes re-opening the San Francisco facility as a coinage production facility,
- the composition of the dime and quarter dollar are changed from 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper to 91.67 percent copper and 8.33 percent nickel (two outer layers of 75 percent copper, bonded to core of pure copper),
- the composition of the half dollar is changed from 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper to 40 percent silver and 60 percent copper (two outer layers of 80 percent silver, bonded to a core of 21.5 percent silver),
- allows striking of 1964-dated and 1965-dated coins into 1966,
- suspends production of any silver dollar coins for five years,
- suspends use of mint marks on coinage for five years.
- 1967 - 43 killed in racial rebellion in Detroit, Michigan, USA (2,000 injured, 442 fires).
- 1968 - Race riot in Cleveland, Ohio, 11 including three cops killed.
- 1972 - First Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) is launched.
- 1973 - Ozark Air Lines' plane knocked out of the air by lightning over Saint Louis - 36 die.
- 1977 - Washington jury convicts 12 Hanafi Muslims on hostage charges.
- 1980 - River of No Return Wilderness Area designated by President Jimmy Carter.
- 1984 - Vanessa Lynn Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown, after nude photos of her appear in Penthouse magazine.
- 1985 - Commodore International introduces the Amiga 1000 computer. It features a Motorola 68000 processor, custom color graphics and stereo sound processors, a multitasking, windowing operating system, 256 kB RAM, and 880 kB 3.5-inch disk drive. Price is US$1300.
- 1989 - Winds gust to 85 MPH at Fort Smith, Arkansas.
- 1995 - David Daliberti and William Barloon, two Americans held as spies by Iraq, are released by Saddam Hussein.
- 1997 - Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
- 1999 - Space shuttle Columbia blasts off, carrying 12 Proof 2000-W Sacagawea half-ounce 0.9167 fine gold dollar pieces into space.
- 1999 - The Woodstock 99 festival is held in New York.
- 2007 - The US dollar drops to US$2.06 against the British pound sterling, the lowest since 1981.
- 2017 - Death of Snooty at age 69 in the South Florida Museum; world's oldest manatee in captivity.
Births on July 23
- 1888 - Birth of Gluyas Williams in San Francisco, California, USA; cartoonist (Fellows Citizen).
- 1908 - Birth of Karl Swenson in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Lorenzo Jones radio show, Inner Sanctum Mysteries, Dr. Kildare TV show, Gunsmoke, Maverick, Mission: Impossible, Hawaii Five-O, Lars - Little House on the Prairie).
- 1916 - Birth of Ben Weber in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; composer (Thorne Music Award-1965).
- 1921 - Birth of Calvert DeForest in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Larry 'Bud' Melman - Late Night with David Letterman).
- 1925 - Birth of Gloria De Haven in Louisiana, USA; actress (Bog, Yellow Cab Man, Irene - Nakia, All My Children, Ryan's Hope).
- 1928 - Birth of Leon Fleisher in San Francisco, California, USA; pianist/conductor (Annapolis Symphony 1973-77).
- 1933 - Birth of Bert Convy in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; game show host (Tattletales, Win Lose or Draw, Super Password), actor (Love of Life, The Snoop Sisters).
- 1936 - Birth of Anthony M Kennedy in California, USA; supreme court justice (1988-).
- 1936 - Birth of Don Drysdale in Van Nuys, California, USA; pitcher (Los Angeles Dodgers, Cy Young 1962).
- 1938 - Birth of Ronny Cox in Cloudcroft, Massachusetts, USA; actor (St. Elsewhere, Stargate SG 1, The Agency, Apple's Way).
- 1952 - Birth of Janis Siegel in New York City, New York, USA; jazz singer (Manhattan Transfer - "Tuxedo Junction").
- 1958 - Birth of Lydia Cornell in El Paso, Texas, USA; actress (Sara Rush - Too Close for Comfort).
- 1961 - Birth of Woody Harrelson in Midland, Texas, USA; actor (Woody Boyd - Cheers, Will and Grace).
- 1968 - Birth of Beth Ehlers in Queens, New York, USA; actress (Harley Cooper - Guiding Light).
- 1968 - Birth of Stephanie Seymour in San Diego, California, USA; model (Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Cover-1988), actress (Sunny Side Up).
- 1980 - Birth of Michelle Williams; American singer (Destiny's Child), actress.
Deaths on July 23
- 1844 - Death of Christian Gobrecht; fourth US chief engraver (1840-44), engraver of "seated Liberty" obverse of US silver coins 1837-1891.
- 1885 - Death of Hiram Ulysses Grant in Mount McGregor, New York, USA; 18th President of the USA (1869-77).
- 1982 - Death of Vic Morrow at age 53 when a helicopter crashes on him (and two child actors) during filming of Twilight Zone: The Movie; actor (Combat TV show).
- 2007 - Death of Benjamin Libet, American pioneering scientist in the field of human consciousness (born 1916).
- 2017 - Death of Snooty at age 69 in the South Florida Museum; world's oldest manatee in captivity.
- 2022 - Death of Bob Rafelson at age 89 of lung cancer at home in Aspen, Colorado, USA; creator of The Monkees music group, director (Five Easy Pieces movie).
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