1303
-
- King Birger issues regulations against vagrancy: anyone found not serving a master for one month would be whipped and lose his ears. [303.25]
1304
-
- Following a quarrel with their brother the King, Dukes Eric and Valdemar flee to Norway. [1.46]
1305
-
- Dukes Erik and Valdemar are reconciled with King Birger. [47.45] [267.28]
- December 6
- King Birger, Duke Erik, and Valdemar attack and capture Torgils Knutsson, taking him to prison in Stockholm Castle. [47.45] [267.28] [303.97]
1306
-
- Sweden suffers a severe winter. [327.41]
- February 10
- Torgils Knutsson is executed. [48.70] [303.97]
- September 29
- Duke Erik and brother Duke Valdemar with guards take their brother King Birger, his wife Märta, Bishop Nils Kettilson and many others from the royal estate at Håtung, imprisoning them in the dungeons at Nyköping Castle. King Birger's son Magnus is saved by a servant, taking him to King Erik Menved in Denmark. [1.46] [48.70] [303.98]
1308
-
- King Birger seeks the help of Denmark and Norway against brothers Erik and Valdemar. [47.45]
1310
-
- On Gotland island, Erik of Pomerania builds the fortress of Visborg in the south-west corner of the Visby city wall. [48.75]
- The Kingdom of Sweden is divided between three claimants to the throne. Birger receives eastern Sweden, Gotland, and Viborg (in Finland). Dukes Erik and Valdemar receive the western provinces of Värmland and Västergötland, plus castles of Stockholm, Kalmar, and Borholm, and most of Finland. [1.47] [47.45]
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1312
- September 29
- At a double wedding ceremony in Oslo, Norway, Duke Erik marries Princess Ingeborg, daughter of King Håkon, and Duke Valdemar marries Princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter, niece of King Håkon. [48.71] [303.101]
1313
-
- At Röcklingbacke, near Lärbro on Gotland, local residents defeat a Swedish force under King Birger Magnusson. [120.160]
1316
-
- Magnus is born to Duke Erik and Ingeborg. (He will become king in 1332.) [48.71] [303.101]
- Erik is born to Duke Valdemar and Ingeborg. [48.71]
1317
- December 10
- At the Castle of Nyköping in Södermanland, King Birger has his brothers Erik and Valdermar as guests for a banquet. Following the banquet, he has them imprisoned, in revenge for their imprisonment of him in 1306, and his desire to rule all of Sweden again. [1.47] [47.45] [48.71] [267.29] [303.103]
1318
-
- Peasants rise up against the king in support of the Dukes. [48.71]
- Mats Kettilmundsson is chosen as drots (regent). [48.71]
- With help from King Håkon of Norway, Mats Kettilmundsson retakes land and forts from King Birger. [48.71]
- King Birger is forced to flee to Gotland, then Denmark, following an unsuccessful attempt to conquer the entire kingdom. Birger's son Magnus is taken prisoner. [1.48] [47.45] [303.106]
- Dukes Valdemar and Erik starve to death in prison before the city of Nyköping can be captured. [48.71] [303.103]
- August
- The Castle of Nyköping in Södermanland is captured by soldiers of the Dukes. They find the Dukes dead inside. [303.106]
1319
-
- King Håkon of Norway dies. Magnus Eriksson (son of Duke Erik) is acknowledged as next king of Norway. [48.71] [267.29] [269.68]
- July 8
- At Mora Stone in the parish of Lagga in Uppsala, Council assembles with representatives of nobility, clergy, lawmen, and peasants. Council elects three-year-old Prince Magnus Eriksson of Norway as King of Sweden. Chancellor Matts Kettilmundsson pledges an oath on the King's behalf not to introduce new taxes without the consent of Councillors of the Realm, not to appoint foreigners as Councillors or Royal bailiffs, and to govern by law and not imprison any person without due process of law. As Magnus has already been declared King of Norway, this unites most of the Scandinavian peninsula under one ruler, the largest empire in Europe. (Some consider this to be Sweden's first parliament.) [1.48,61] [47.45] [48.71,111] [267.29] [303.111]
1320
-
- The Chronicle of Erik is written in Swedish. It is a history in verse of Sweden's kings from 1220 to date. [47.53]
- King Erik Menved of Denmark dies. New king is Kristofer. Kristofer mortgages out Skåne and Blekinge. Sweden agrees to buy out the administrator of Skåne, Johan of Holstein, for 34,000 marks. [48.72]
- October 28
- Magnus, son of former king Birger, is executed in Stockholm. [48.71] [267.29] [303.107]
1321
-
- Former king Birger dies in Denmark. [48.71]
1323
-
- Peace is signed with Russia at Nöteborg, establishing the border between Sweden and Russia. [1.49] [47.45] [48.70,98] [327.91]
1325
-
- The law of Södermanland is written. [48.62]
1327
-
- The Södermanland Law is written. [1.49]
1331
-
- Sweden suffers a hard winter. [327.41]
1332
-
- Magnus Eriksson is declared of age, and becomes King of Sweden and Norway. [47.46] [269.69] [303.112] (1331 [267.30])
- King Magnus negotiates to buy the Danish provinces of Skåne and Blekinge on the Scandinavian peninsula, by promising to pay the debt of the King of Denmark to the Count of Holstein, 34,000 marks of solid silver or 170,000 marks in money. [1.49] [47.46] [267.30] [268.75] [303.113]
1335
-
- King Magnus marries Blanche of Namur. [267.30]
- King Magnus Eriksson issues a decree in Skara, Västergötland, abolishing hereditary slavery in Västergötland and Värmland. [1.45] [48.55,58] [303.22]
- King Magnus completes his Eriksgata tour of the land. [267.30]
1340
-
- New King Valdeamr of Denmark recovers Copenhagen from Swedish occupation. [48.72]
- King Valdemar Atterdag of Denmark refuses to recognize Sweden's right to Scania and Blekinge. Duke Albrekt of Mecklenburg negotiates between the two. [47.46]
1343
-
- By the treaty of Varberg with Denmark, Skåne, Halland, and Blekinge are recognized as being under Swedish domain. [1.50] [47.46] [48.72]
- Bengt Algotsson is made Duke of Finland and Halland, and viceroy in Skåne. [48.74]
1346
- January
- Sweden suffers a bad winter. [327.42]
- (month unknown)
- King Magnus grants Birgitta the royal estate of Vadstena for the purpose of founding a convent for nuns. [1.57]
1347
- February 17
- King Magnus Eriksson grants a charter to the Kopparberget copper mining company at Falun. [48.53] [327.9]
1349
- August
- A ship carrying the bubonic plague from England arrives in Bergen, Norway. (Within two months, 40,000 of 100,000 in Bergen are dead. Sweden and Norway lose about one-third of their population to the plague.) [269.70] [303.123]
- October
- The bubonic plague reaches Sweden from Norway. [47.51] [48.73] [267.31] [303.140]
1350
-
- The law of Hälsingland is written. [48.62]
- King Magnus Eriksson establishes the "landslag" (Land Law), applying to all of Sweden. It establishes Sweden as an elective, not hereditary monarchy. It sets down the definition and duties of the Monarchy, and the powers and composition of the Council. The king has the power to appoint members of the Council. [1.50] [3.93] [47.50] [48.62,93]
1356
-
- King Magnus turns over the kingdom of Norway to son Håkon. [48.74] [269.69]
- Erik, son of King Magnus, heads a revolt against the King. [47.47] [48.74] [267.32]
- Duke Albrekt of Mecklenburg negotiates between King Magnus and son Erik. The King grants Erik control of Finland and a large part of southern Sweden. Albrekt receives certain districts in Scania. [47.47]
1358
-
- King Magnus makes an alliance with King Valdemar of Denmark. [48.74]
- King Magnus arranges for the Danes to invade Erik's area of southern Sweden, but Erik repels them. [47.47]
1359
-
- Erik (son of King Magnus Eriksson), and his consort and son die of "children's plague", possibly chicken pox. [1.51] [47.47] [48.74] [267.32]
- King Magnus Eriksson summons a representative assembly of nobles, clergy, burghers, tax-paying peasants. All classes of property owner are present for the first time. [1.111] [47.91] [48.111] [267.32]
- King Magnus reconciles with the magnates who had rebelled against him. Magnus renounces his alliance with Valdemar of Denmark. [48.74]
1360
-
- King Valdemar Atterdag of Denmark captures Skåne, Halland, and Blekinge. [1.52] [48.74] [267.32] [268.77]
1361
-
- Valdemar's Danish fleet sails to Öland, and takes the Castle of Borgholm. [1.67]
- July
- Valdemar Atterdag and the Danish army land on the west coast of Gotland and begin an attack on Visby. [1.61,67] [48.74] [120.66]
- July 27
- Peasant resistance outside the walls of Visby on Gotland is crushed by Danish forces. About 2000 peasants are killed. The gates are opened either by force or voluntarily. [1.67] [47.47] [120.66] [267.32]
- (month unknown)
- The Hanseatic League offers its military services to King Magnus, who declines the offer due to the high price asked. [47.47]
1362
-
- Swedish nobles rise up against the King, and elect his son Håkon as next king. [47.47] [267.32]
1363
-
- King Magnus and son Håkon reconcile, and negotiate with Denmark for Håkon to marry Margaret, daughter of Danish King Valdemar. Magnus and Håkon share the Swedish crown. [47.48] [267.32]
- Swedish nobles revolt again, offering the crown to Albrekt, son of Duke Albrekt of Mecklenburg and Eufemia, sister of King Magnus. [47.48] [48.75] [267.32]
- The Hanseatic League helps Albrekt regain Scania from King Magnus. [47.48]
- Albrekt, son of Albrekt of Mecklenburg (married to King Magnus' sister Eufemia) conquers Stockholm, driving out King Magnus. Magnus is thrown in prison. [1.52] [47.48]
1364
-
- Albrekt is crowned King of Sweden. [47.55] [267.32]
- King Albrekt defines the Swedish coat of arms as three golden crowns on a blue background. [159.16] [285.16]
1366
-
- King Albrekt makes a secret treaty with King Valdemar of Denmark, promising him Gotland and parts of Småland and Västergötland. [48.76]
1369
-
- The Hanseatic League withdraws from the war with Sweden. [47.48]
1370
-
- The Pope in Rome approves of two cloisters for Vadstena. [82.21]
- Olav is born to King Håkon and Margareta of Norway. [48.80]
1371
-
- King Håkon of Norway enters Sweden, raises an army, and marches on Stockholm. [47.48] [48.76]
- King Albrekt agrees to compromise with the forces of King Håkon of Norway. Albrekt admits his rule had been bad for Sweden. He grants council all forts and districts held by him and his father, and promises to accept advice of council on important matters. King Albrekt agrees that council consist of archbishop, the bishops, and 12 lay magnates. [47.48] [48.76,93]
- On receipt of 12,000 marks of solid silver, King Albrekt releases former king Magnus Eriksson from custody of the Mecklenburgers. He is given Dalsland, Värmland, and Västergötland to administer. [47.48] [48.76] [303.119]
1374
-
- Bo Jonsson becomes Lord Chief Justice. [267.33]
- December 1
- Former king Magnus Eriksson dies in a shipwreck near Haugesund, Norway. [47.48] [48.76] [269.70] [303.119]
1375
-
- King Valdemar Adderdag of Denmark dies. Queen Margareta of Norway goes to Denmark, and negotiates for her son Olav to be named future king of Denmark. [48.80] [269.70]
1376
-
- In Denmark, King Håkon and Queen Margareta confirm the Denmark-Hansa treaty of 1370, except for the clause giving the Hansa a veto on the choice of successor to the throne. [48.80]
1380
-
- King Håkon of Norway dies. [48.76,81] [267.33] [269.74]
1381
-
- Lord high Steward (Drots) Bo Jonsson Grip stabs to death Södermanland nobleman Karl Nilsson in the grey Friars Church in Stockholm. [303.201]
1385
-
- Olav, son of Queen Margareta of Denmark and Norway, is acknowledged as future king of those countries. [48.81] [269.74]
- Queen Margareta negotiates for the release of castles in Skåne from Hansa occupation. [48.81]
1386
-
- Bo Jonsson, office of Steward (drots), leader of the Swedish Council, dies, leaving an enormous fortune in land and castles in Finland and central and southeast Sweden. A ten-man council is designated to administer his estates. [1.71] [47.49] [48.77] [267.33] [303.203]
1387
- August 3
- Olav, son of the late King Håkon of Norway, dies. [47.49] [48.76,81] [267.33] [269.74]
- August 10
- At a meeting in Lund by notables of Denmark, they declare Margareta regent of Denmark. [48.81] [303.202]
- (month unknown)
- By winter, executors of Bo Jonsson's estate are willing to accept Margareta's leadership in Sweden. [48.82]
1388
-
- Swedish lords and executors of Bo Jonsson's estate appeal to Queen Margaret of Denmark and Norway for help against King Albrekt. [1.72]
- January 5
- Executors of Bo Jonsson's estate give two castles in Västergötland to Margareta of Norway. [48.82] [47.49]
- February 2
- In Oslo, Norway, Margareta is elected master of the realm by a general assembly. [303.202]
- March
- A series of documents are drawn up at Dalaborg in Dalsland, naming Margareta "all-powerful lady and rightful mistress" of the Swedish kingdom. Queen Margareta is given the right to choose the next king. [47.49] [48.82] [303.203]
- (month unknown)
- King Albrekt is driven from Sweden. [47.49]
1389
-
- King Albrekt returns, landing around Kalmar, with German mercenaries. [47.49] [48.82]
- February 24
- A decisive battle is fought at Åsle (Falan), east of Falköping, in Västergötland, between the forces of King Albrekt and Queen Margareta. General Henrik Parow, leader of the Queen's forces, is killed, but Albrekt's forces are defeated. The King and his son Erik are taken captive, ending Mecklenburg rule in Sweden. [1.72] [48.82] [267.33] [303.203]
- (month unknown)
- In Norway, Erik of Pomerania (son of neice of Queen Margareta) is acknowledged as next King, when he is declared of age. [48.83]
- October
- At a riksdag meeting in Söderköping, Margareta is formally acknowledged as ruler of Sweden. [1.72] [48.83] [149.11]
1390
-
- Erik of Pomerania, great-nephew of Queen Margaret, is elected heir to the Swedish throne. [1.73] [48.83]
1391
- October 7
- Birgitta is canonized by the Church of Rome, making her Sweden's first Saint. [1.62] [47.55] [48.79] [82.21]
1392
-
- In Stockholm, Germans loyal to former King Albrekt massacre many Swedish citizens. This becomes known as the "Käpplinge murders". [1.72]
1395
-
- The Hanseatic League mediates peace in Sweden. Albrekt is to be released, and Stockholm is to be handed over to Queen Margaret after three years. [47.57]
- Councils of the three Scandinavian kingdoms meet in Skåne. A treaty with the Mecklenburgers is signed, releasing former king Albrekt. He is to pay a ransom of 60,000 silver marks within three years, or return to prison, or release Stockholm. [48.84]
1396
-
- Nobles of Sweden and Denmark agree to recognize Margareta's 14-year old great-nephew Erik of Pomerania as king. [268.80]
- January
- Erik of Pomerania is declared of age in Denmark, becoming king. [48.84] [47.49]
- July
- At a ceremony in Mora, Erik is declared ruling King of Sweden. [48.84]
1397
- June 17
- On Trinity Sunday in Midsummer in Kalmar, at a coronation ceremony, Erik of Pomerania is crowned King of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. Members of the three kingdoms meet for four weeks to discuss future relations. [1.74] [47.57] [48.84] [267.3] [268.80] [269.75]
- July 13
- Two documents are produced at Kalmar by members of the three Scandinavian kingdoms, one announcing the king's coronation, the other declaring a union of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden with a common king, but separate laws for each realm. (The document includes 10 seals stamped on, rather than 16 hung from it, so it is likely that it was not agreed to by all parties. The document of union is taken to Oslo, Norway, where it remains for 28 years.) [1.74] [48.84] [267.33] [268.80] [303.205]
1398
- September
- With Albrekt's failure to pay 60,000 silver marks within three years of his release, Queen Margaret gains complete control of Stockholm. [1.72] [47.49] [48.84] [303.204]
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