- July 20
- After several days siege by the King and failed assaults with hundreds of deaths, the garrison (about 60-70 men) of Kalmar Castle surrenders to King Gustav Vasa. The King court-martials all, finding them all guilty of treason. All but two are decapitated. [327.144]
- (month unknown)
- Governor Sören Norrby of Gotland enters the Danish province of southern Scandinavia to attempt to raise the peasants against the Danish king. [120.74]
1526
-
- The printing press is introduced to Stockholm. [48.128]
- August
- A Swedish translation of the New Testament of the Bible is first printed. [48.128]
1527
-
- King Gustav calls a Riksdag meeting at Västerås. He asks for the right to take back more land from the Church. Only when he threatens to abdicate, do the nobles grant him the power. The Royal domain grows from 1/12th of the country to over 1/4. Nobles are able to reclaim properties lost to the church since 1454. Duties of church courts are transferred to state courts. [1.126] [47.72] [48.126] [267.43]
1528
- January 12
- Gustav Eriksson is formally crowned King of Sweden. [48.129] [267.42]
- February
- Rebellious Dalemen are tricked into meeting with the King, who has several leaders beheaded. [327.176]
1529
-
- At a church assembly in Örebro, many Saints' days are abolished. [47.72]
- Peasants of Småland and Västergötland, under the leadership of Ture Jönsson Tre Rosor, rise up against the King. The rebellion is quickly put down. Leaders Ture Jönsson and bishop Magnus Haraldsson flee into exile. [1.128] [48.124]
1531
- January 31
- King Gustav decrees that one bell in every church in towns and monasteries should be sacrificed to the exchequer, to help pay the debt to Lübeck. [47.73] [327.167] (1530 [1.128])
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- (month unknown)
- Laurentius Andreae is dismissed as King Gustav's secretary-chancellor. [48.127]
- King Gustav appoints Olaus Petri chancellor. [48.129]
- A revolt in Dalarna is dealt with temporarily by the King by agreeing to their terms. The agreement was made by the King due to the threat of Kristian II invading from Norway. [327.178]
- August
- The clergy elects Laurentius Andreae, younger brother of Olaus Petri, as archibishop. [47.72] [48.130,137]
- September 24
- In the Great Church of Stockholm, King Gustav marries 18-year old Katarina, daughter of Protestant duke of Sachsen-Lauenburg. [48.137] [327.187]
- November
- Deposed Kristian II and a small force land at Oslo, Norway. With increasing support from Norwegians, he marches south into Bohusläs en route to Skåne. [48.131] [267.44] [269.86]
1532
-
- King Gustav helps the Danes capture Kristian II in Norway. He is imprisoned in Denmark, where he later dies. [47.73] [48.131] [267.40]
- Lübeck, at war with the Netherlands, asks for aid from Sweden. King Gustav refuses, and declares Sweden's debt to Lübeck paid, and calls an end to all trade privileges. [48.131]
1533
- February
- With former Kristian II taken care of, King Gustav gets revenge against Dalarna at Kopparberget for the rebellion in 1531. Some are executed there, some are taken to Stockholm and executed, others are imprisoned for a year, then executed. [1.129] [47.73] [327.178]
- (month unknown)
- King Gustav and Katarina have a son, christened Erik. (He will become king, in 1560.) [1.136] [48.137]
- King Gustav fires Chancellor Olaus Petri. [48.127]
1534
- February
- Denmark and Sweden form an alliance against Lübeck. [48.132]
- (month unknown)
- Lübeck signs an armistice with the Dutch. [48.132]
- Lübeck invades Holstein, Skåne, and the Danish islands. [48.132] [267.44]
- Lübeck makes promises to release deposed king Kristian II, and restore him to the Danish throne. [48.132]
1535
-
- Danes drive Lübeckers out of Holstein. [48.132]
- Swedes take Halland from Lübeck forces, and break into Skåne. [48.132]
- Combined Swedish and Danish fleets defeat the Hanseatic navy. [48.132]
- June
- On Fyn, the Hansa army is defeated. [48.132]
- (month unknown)
- Queen Katarina dies. [48.137]
- The Swedish Church breaks ties with the Church of Rome. [1.130]
- King Gustav marries Margaret Eriksdotter, of the noble family of Leijonhuvud. [1.136] [48.137] [327.187]
1536
-
- Peace between Denmark and Lübeck is mediated by Sweden, through which the debt to Lübeck is cancelled. [47.73] [267.44]
- In Uppsala, Laurentius Petri becomes Sweden's first Protestant Archbishop. [1.133]
1537
-
- Gotland governor Rosenkrantz introduces reformation to the island. [120.74]
- Johan is born to King Gustav and Margareta. (He will become king in 1569.) [48.141]
1538
-
- Conrad von Pyhy, a German, is appointed Chancellor. [47.75]
1539
-
- King Gustav issues an edict requiring that anything printed first be checked by the government before distribution to the common people. This is the first law of censorship in Sweden. [327.170]
1540
-
- Olaus Petri and Laurentius Andreae are tried for treason and sentenced to death, ending the Protestant Church in Sweden. (King Gustav later pardons and fines them; the city of Stockholm pays the fines.) [1.133] [47.75] [48.129]
- The first Swedish almanac is published. [243.17]
- The monarchy is made a hereditary position rather than elected. [48.138]
- King Gustav appoints Georg Norman as Superintendent for the Church, creating the State Church in Sweden. [1.133]
1541
-
- A Swedish translation of the Christian Bible is first produced. [1.140] [47.73]
- September 15
- At Brömsebro, the Kings of Sweden and Denmark conclude a treaty of friendship and alliance between their countries. [1.138] [47.77] [48.133] [268.102]
1542
- June
- Nils Dacke and about thirty others begin an open rebellion in Småland, attacking the bailiff's farm at Voxtorp, killing bailiff Nils Larsson. [1.134] [47.74] [48.134] [327.235]
- (month unknown)
- Magnus is born to King Gustav and Margareta. [48.141]
- King Gustav commissions a royal portrait, from a visiting German. [47.88]
- July 3
- King Gustav issues a royal letter to the commons of Kalmar County, calling Dacke's people "forest thieves". [327.239]
- July 25
- King Gustav offers a safe-conduct pass to Nils Dacke to meet in Stockholm. It is refused. [327.245]
- September
- On the border between Östergötland and Småland, Nils Dacke's forces defeat royal troops. They kill over 1000 German legionaries in the forest at Slätman, north of Kisa. [1.134] [327.243]
- October 7
- King Gustav offers a safe-conduct pass to Nils Dacke to meet in Stegeborg. It is refused. [327.245]
- October 15
- King Gustav writes King Christian III of Denmark asking for about 5000 men-at-arms as an aid against rebels. [372.258]
- (month unknown)
- Småland suffers a famine winter, and King Gustav Vasa arranges a blockade of all grain supplies to the rebellious area. [327.42]
- November 8
- An Linköping, a formal armistice is reached between the King and Nils Dacke. The King uses the truce as an opportunity to build up forces for a renewed offensive. [1.134] [48.134] [327.243]
- November 25
- King Gustav issues a royal brief, confirming the truce with Nils Dacke. [327.243]
- (month unknown)
- Rebel forces offer the crown to Svante Sture, son of Sten Sture the Younger, who refuses it. [48.134]
- December
- King Gustav offers a safe-conduct pass to Nils Dacke to meet in Stegeborg. It is refused. [327.245]
- King Gustav addresses peasants of unhappy provinces, asking if less soldiers for protection is an adequate cost of their demand for less taxation. [1.135]
1543
- January
- (late in month) Nils Dacke launches an assault on Kalmar Castle, but is repulsed. [372.259]
- February 24
- Peder Pedersen leads a Danish army of about 1500 soldiers and legionaries into Småland. [372.258]
- (month unknown)
- Forces of Nils Dacke fight with the King's forces near Skänninge, in Östergötland. Unable to push further, they retreat south into the forests. [1.135] [48.135] [372.259]
- March 20
- Two royal armies march into Småland, heavily defeating Dacke's rebels. A decisive battle is fought on Lake Hjorten and toward Virserumssjön. About 4000-5000 Smålanders are killed. Nils Dacke is shot in both legs. [1.136] [47.74] [327.259]
- May
- Nils Dacke leads peasants of Uppvidinge hundred, in Värend, in an attack on a party of royal troops. They are victorious. [327.261]
- (month unknown)
- King Gustav appoints Olaus Petri as school inspector for Stockholm, and preacher in the Great Church. [48.129]
- August
- Nils Dacke is slain by his followers on the border of Blekinge. [47.74] [48.135] [327.262]
- (month unknown)
- King Gustav has Småland devastated, cut off from food of other provinces, and many people executed. It takes 200 years for Småland to resume to a level of subsistence. [327.265]
1544
-
- The first complete Riksdag since 1530 is summoned in Västerås. The clergy assembles as a separate Estate from nobility for first time. The Estates agree to monarchic succession set by order of birth. On the death of a king, younger sons are to be granted duchies, highly independent of the government. [1.137] [47.74] [48.138] [139.13]
- The first truly national army is established. [1.xxii]
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